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979 lines
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article-header-cover"> <img class="article-header-cover-img" src="https://pic.biss.click/image/d19b9e03-9442-4b85-94a0-a3780b9f4440.webp" alt="" loading="eager" decoding="async"> <div class="article-header-content"> <div class="article-date-line"> <time datetime="2026-04-02T04:52:16.000Z">发布于 2026/04/02</time> </div> <h1>配置OpenGL环境</h1> <div class="article-hero-meta" aria-label="文章信息"> <span>发布于 2026/04/02</span> <a href="/categories/tech/">技术</a> <span>总字数：985</span> <span>阅读时长：3 分钟</span> </div> </div> </header> <section class="article-summary-card" aria-label="文章导读"> <div class="article-summary-header"> <span class="article-summary-brand"> <span class="article-summary-icon" aria-hidden="true">↳</span>
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文章导读
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</span> <span class="article-summary-model">摘要由 Qwen 生成</span> </div> <p class="article-summary-content"> <span class="article-summary-text">这篇文章详细介绍了配置OpenGL环境所需步骤，包括安装Visual Studio、CMake和GLFW等关键组件，并提供了具体的配置方法和测试代码，旨在帮助读者顺利开始计算机图形学的学习之旅。</span> </p> </section> <section class="post-series" aria-labelledby="post-series-title"> <header class="post-series-head"> <div> <span>ARTICLE SERIES</span> <h2 id="post-series-title">OpenGL 学习笔记</h2> </div> <strong>第 1 / 4 篇</strong> </header> <ol class="post-series-list"> <li class="is-current"> <a href="/posts/c4477b0c/" aria-current="page"> <span>01</span> <strong>配置OpenGL环境</strong> </a> </li><li> <a href="/posts/437a5198/"> <span>02</span> <strong>OpenGL-基础程序</strong> </a> </li><li> <a href="/posts/7207243b/"> <span>03</span> <strong>OpenGL-直线的扫描转换</strong> </a> </li><li> <a href="/posts/9b2ef00a/"> <span>04</span> <strong>OpenGL- Cohen-Sutherland 编码裁剪算法</strong> </a> </li> </ol> <nav class="post-series-nav" aria-label="系列文章导航"> <span></span> <a href="/posts/437a5198/" rel="next"><span>下一篇</span><strong>OpenGL-基础程序</strong></a> </nav> </section> <aside class="butterfly-note butterfly-note--warning article-outdated-note" aria-label="文章时效性提示" data-freshness-at="2026-04-02T04:52:16.000Z" data-has-new-version="false" hidden> <i class="fa-solid fa-triangle-exclamation" aria-hidden="true"></i> <div class="butterfly-note__content"> <p>
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注意：本文最后维护于 2026/04/02，距今已超过一年，部分内容可能已经过时，请结合最新资料判断。
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</p> </div> </aside> <div class="prose" data-toc="[{"depth":1,"text":"安装Visual Studio","id":"安装visual-studio"},{"depth":1,"text":"安装 Cmake","id":"安装-cmake"},{"depth":1,"text":"安装GLFW","id":"安装glfw"},{"depth":2,"text":"下载GLFW 和 glad","id":"下载glfw-和-glad"},{"depth":2,"text":"创建项目与配置","id":"创建项目与配置"},{"depth":2,"text":"测试","id":"测试"}]"> <p>最近要学计算机图形学，所以会用到<code>OpenGL</code>，配置环境有点繁琐，记录了下来。</p>
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<h1 id="安装visual-studio">安装Visual Studio</h1>
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<p>现在我们先来安装<code>Visual Studio</code>：<a href="https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/zh-hans/vs/">visual studio</a>，下载后安装即可|在安装时选择“使用C++的桌面开发”，这样安装时就会安装C++的编译器了。</p>
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<p><img src="https://pic.biss.click/image/2d3be78a-320f-41de-8773-e2fd7a2af66e.webp" alt=""></p>
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<h1 id="安装-cmake">安装 Cmake</h1>
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<p>这个可选，因为我们可以使用<code>Visual Studio</code>的编译器<code>MSVC</code>来编译项目。
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<code>Cmake</code>是一个开源的跨平台软件构建工具，它可以生成不同系统的构建文件，比如<code>Makefile</code>，<code>Ninja</code>，<code>VS</code>项目文件等等。
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我们可以下载<code>Cmake</code>：<a href="https://cmake.org/download/">cmake</a>，下载后安装即可。</p>
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<h1 id="安装glfw">安装GLFW</h1>
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<p>OpenGL有许多工具，比如GLFW，GLEW等等，这里我们安装GLFW。</p>
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<table><thead><tr><th>工具</th><th>类别</th><th>主要职责</th><th>特点</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>GLUT</td><td>窗口管理 + 工具库</td><td>创建窗口、处理鼠标键盘、提供内置渲染循环。</td><td>古老、简单。使用“固定管线”（老旧技术），适合教学。</td></tr><tr><td>GLFW</td><td>窗口管理库</td><td>创建窗口、处理输入、管理多个上下文。</td><td>现代、轻量。只管窗口和输入，不负责渲染逻辑，是目前的主流。</td></tr><tr><td>GLAD</td><td>配置/加载库</td><td>加载 OpenGL 函数指针（连接驱动）。</td><td>底层必备。因为 OpenGL 函数在显卡驱动里，需要它来“找”函数地址。</td></tr></tbody></table>
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<h2 id="下载glfw-和-glad">下载GLFW 和 glad</h2>
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<p><code>GLFW</code>是一个开源的跨平台<code>C/C++</code>窗口管理库，它可以创建窗口、处理输入、管理多个上下文。
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下载<code>GLFW</code>：<a href="https://www.glfw.org/download.html">glfw</a>，下载后解压即可。</p>
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<h2 id="创建项目与配置">创建项目与配置</h2>
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<p>用<code>Visual Studio</code>创建一个空的<code>C++</code>项目，然后添加GLFW的目录到项目中。
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在项目属性中添加GLFW的目录到“C/C++->General->Additional Include Directories”中。
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如图所示：
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<img src="https://pic.biss.click/image/0097e9f0-d0ab-4bd1-b9de-c774cee0d4ef.webp" alt=""></p>
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<h2 id="测试">测试</h2>
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<p>创建一个<code>main.cpp</code>文件，内容如下：</p>
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<pre class="astro-code github-dark" style="background-color:#24292e;color:#e1e4e8; overflow-x: auto; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;" tabindex="0" data-language="cpp"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583">#include</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> <glad/glad.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583">#include</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> <GLFW/glfw3.h></span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583">#include</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> <iostream></span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D">// 顶点着色器源码</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583">const</span><span style="color:#F97583"> char*</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> vertexShaderSource </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "#version 330 core</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "void main() {</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> " gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "}</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\0</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D">// 片段着色器源码</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583">const</span><span style="color:#F97583"> char*</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> fragmentShaderSource </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "#version 330 core</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "out vec4 FragColor;</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "void main() {</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> " FragColor = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 白色</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#9ECBFF"> "}</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">\n\0</span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583">int</span><span style="color:#B392F0"> main</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">() {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 1. 初始化 GLFW</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwInit</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">();</span></span>
|
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwWindowHint</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">3</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwWindowHint</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">3</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwWindowHint</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 2. 创建窗口</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> GLFWwindow</span><span style="color:#F97583">*</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> window </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwCreateWindow</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">800</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">600</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#9ECBFF">"Simple OpenGL"</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">NULL</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">NULL</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwMakeContextCurrent</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(window);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> gladLoadGLLoader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 3. 编译着色器</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> unsigned</span><span style="color:#F97583"> int</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> vertexShader </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#B392F0"> glCreateShader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glShaderSource</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(vertexShader, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">1</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#F97583">&</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">vertexShaderSource, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">NULL</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glCompileShader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(vertexShader);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> unsigned</span><span style="color:#F97583"> int</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> fragmentShader </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#B392F0"> glCreateShader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glShaderSource</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(fragmentShader, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">1</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#F97583">&</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">fragmentShaderSource, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">NULL</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glCompileShader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(fragmentShader);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> unsigned</span><span style="color:#F97583"> int</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> shaderProgram </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#B392F0"> glCreateProgram</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glAttachShader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(shaderProgram, vertexShader);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glAttachShader</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glLinkProgram</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(shaderProgram);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 4. 定义三角形顶点数据</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> float</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> vertices[] </span><span style="color:#F97583">=</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> -</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.5</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#F97583">-</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.5</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.0</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">,</span><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 左下</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#79B8FF"> 0.5</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#F97583">-</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.5</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.0</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">,</span><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 右下</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#79B8FF"> 0.0</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.5</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.0</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 顶部</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> };</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> unsigned</span><span style="color:#F97583"> int</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> VBO, VAO;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glGenVertexArrays</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">1</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#F97583">&</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">VAO);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glGenBuffers</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">1</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#F97583">&</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">VBO);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glBindVertexArray</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(VAO);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glBindBuffer</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glBufferData</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, </span><span style="color:#F97583">sizeof</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glVertexAttribPointer</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">3</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">3</span><span style="color:#F97583"> *</span><span style="color:#F97583"> sizeof</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#F97583">float</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">), (</span><span style="color:#F97583">void*</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">)</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glEnableVertexAttribArray</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 5. 渲染循环</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> while</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> (</span><span style="color:#F97583">!</span><span style="color:#B392F0">glfwWindowShouldClose</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(window)) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glClearColor</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(</span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.2</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.3</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0.3</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">1.0</span><span style="color:#F97583">f</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span><span style="color:#6A737D"> // 深青色背景</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glClear</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glUseProgram</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(shaderProgram);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glBindVertexArray</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(VAO);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glDrawArrays</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(GL_TRIANGLES, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">0</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">, </span><span style="color:#79B8FF">3</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwSwapBuffers</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">(window);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwPollEvents</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#E1E4E8"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#B392F0"> glfwTerminate</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F97583"> return</span><span style="color:#79B8FF"> 0</span><span style="color:#E1E4E8">;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="color:#E1E4E8">}</span></span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>如果能运行成功应该就没问题了。</p> </div> <section class="post-copyright-card" aria-label="文章版权信息"> <div class="post-copyright-mark" aria-hidden="true"> <span>CC</span> </div> <div class="post-copyright-main"> <h2>配置OpenGL环境</h2> <a class="post-copyright-link" href="/posts/c4477b0c/">/posts/c4477b0c/</a> <dl class="post-copyright-meta"> <div> <dt>作者</dt> <dd>biss</dd> </div> <div> <dt>发布于</dt> <dd><time datetime="2026-04-02T04:52:16.000Z">2026/04/02</time></dd> </div> <div> <dt>许可协议</dt> <dd><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a></dd> </div> </dl> </div> <div class="post-copyright-footer"> <div class="post-copyright-tags" aria-label="文章标签"> <a href="/tags/OpenGL/">OpenGL</a> </div> <div class="post-copyright-actions" aria-label="文章操作"> <button class="post-copyright-action is-primary post-share-button" type="button" data-share-title="配置OpenGL环境" data-share-url="https://blog.biss.click/posts/c4477b0c/" title="分享文章"> <svg aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M4 12v7a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h14a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-7"></path> <path d="M12 16V4"></path> <path d="m7 9 5-5 5 5"></path> </svg> <span>分享</span> </button> <a class="post-copyright-action" href="/rss.xml" title="订阅 RSS"> <svg aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M5 5a14 14 0 0 1 14 14"></path> <path d="M5 11a8 8 0 0 1 8 8"></path> <path d="M6 18h.01"></path> </svg> <span>订阅</span> </a> <a class="post-copyright-action" href="/about/" title="打赏作者"> <svg aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M7 8h10"></path> <path d="M8 8V5h8v3"></path> <path d="M6 8h12l-1.5 11h-9L6 8Z"></path> <path d="M10 12h4"></path> </svg> <span>打赏</span> </a> <a class="post-copyright-icon" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.biss.click%2Fposts%2Fc4477b0c%2F&text=%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEOpenGL%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" title="分享到 X"> <span aria-hidden="true">x</span> </a> <a class="post-copyright-icon" href="https://service.weibo.com/share/share.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.biss.click%2Fposts%2Fc4477b0c%2F&title=%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEOpenGL%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" title="分享到微博"> <span aria-hidden="true">微</span> </a> </div> </div> </section> <script>
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</script> <section id="post-comment" class="twikoo-comments" aria-label="Comments" data-env-id="https://comment.biss.click" data-region data-path="/posts/c4477b0c/" data-script="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/twikoo@1.7.7/dist/twikoo.min.js"> <div class="twikoo-comments-head"> <span class="twikoo-comments-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M21 12a8 8 0 0 1-8 8H7l-4 3v-5a8 8 0 1 1 18-6Z"></path> </svg> </span> <div> <h2>Comments</h2> <p>配置OpenGL环境</p> </div> </div> <div id="twikoo-wrap" class="twikoo-wrap"></div> </section> <script>
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</script> </article> <aside class="article-sidebar" aria-label="文章侧边栏"> <section class="sidebar-card article-author-card"> <img class="profile-avatar" src="https://free.picui.cn/free/2025/08/10/689845496a283.png" alt="biss" loading="lazy"> <div class="profile-name">biss</div> <div class="article-author-meta"> <span>2026/04/02</span> <a href="/categories/tech/">技术</a> </div> </section> <section class="sidebar-card article-tags-card"> <h2> <span aria-hidden="true">#</span>
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文章标签
|
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<em>1</em> </h2> <div class="article-tag-list" aria-label="文章标签"> <a href="/tags/OpenGL/">#OpenGL</a> </div> </section> <div class="article-sticky-sidebar"> <section class="sidebar-card toc-card"> <h2> <span aria-hidden="true">☰</span>
|
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文章目录
|
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<em>6</em> </h2> <nav class="toc-list toc-tree" aria-label="文章目录" data-toc-tree> <div class="toc-group is-open" data-toc-group data-heading-id="安装visual-studio"> <a class="toc-link toc-link-main" href="#安装visual-studio" data-toc-link data-toc-top> <span class="toc-marker" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span>安装Visual Studio</span> </a> </div><div class="toc-group" data-toc-group data-heading-id="安装-cmake"> <a class="toc-link toc-link-main" href="#安装-cmake" data-toc-link data-toc-top> <span class="toc-marker" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span>安装 Cmake</span> </a> </div><div class="toc-group" data-toc-group data-heading-id="安装glfw"> <a class="toc-link toc-link-main" href="#安装glfw" data-toc-link data-toc-top> <span class="toc-marker" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span>安装GLFW</span> </a> <div class="toc-children" data-toc-children> <a class="toc-link toc-link-child toc-depth-2" href="#下载glfw-和-glad" data-toc-link> <span>下载GLFW 和 glad</span> </a><a class="toc-link toc-link-child toc-depth-2" href="#创建项目与配置" data-toc-link> <span>创建项目与配置</span> </a><a class="toc-link toc-link-child toc-depth-2" href="#测试" data-toc-link> <span>测试</span> </a> </div> </div> </nav> </section> <section class="sidebar-card same-category-card"> <h2> <span aria-hidden="true">▣</span>
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|
||
if (!endpoint) return;
|
||
|
||
const cacheKey = `site-info-stats:${endpoint}`;
|
||
|
||
const updateCards = (stats) => {
|
||
const visitors = Number(stats?.visitors);
|
||
const pageviews = Number(stats?.pageviews);
|
||
|
||
cards.forEach((card) => {
|
||
const visitorsEl = card.querySelector('[data-stat-key="visitors"]');
|
||
const pageviewsEl = card.querySelector('[data-stat-key="pageviews"]');
|
||
if (visitorsEl && Number.isFinite(visitors)) visitorsEl.textContent = formatter.format(visitors);
|
||
if (pageviewsEl && Number.isFinite(pageviews)) pageviewsEl.textContent = formatter.format(pageviews);
|
||
});
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
try {
|
||
const cached = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(cacheKey) || 'null');
|
||
if (cached?.time && Date.now() - cached.time < cacheDuration) {
|
||
updateCards(cached.data);
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
} catch {
|
||
localStorage.removeItem(cacheKey);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
fetch(endpoint, { headers: { Accept: 'application/json' } })
|
||
.then((response) => {
|
||
if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`Stats request failed: ${response.status}`);
|
||
return response.json();
|
||
})
|
||
.then((data) => {
|
||
localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, JSON.stringify({ time: Date.now(), data }));
|
||
updateCards(data);
|
||
})
|
||
.catch(() => {
|
||
});
|
||
})();
|
||
</script> </div> </aside> </section> </main> <footer class="site-footer" aria-label="站点页脚"> <div class="footer-inner"> <section class="footer-top" aria-label="站点信息"> <a class="footer-brand" href="/" aria-label="Bi's Blog 首页"> <img src="/images/Bi.ico" alt="" loading="lazy"> <span>Bi's Blog</span> </a> <p class="footer-slogan">好奇心转化为代码的空间。</p> </section> <section class="footer-contact" aria-label="联系方式"> <p>联系方式</p> <div class="footer-socials"> <a href="mailto:bishsh2006@gmail.com" aria-label="发送邮件" title="发送邮件"> <i class="fa-solid fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a><a href="/rss.xml" aria-label="订阅 RSS" title="订阅 RSS"> <i class="fa-solid fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a><a href="https://github.com/bishshi" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="GitHub" title="GitHub"> <i class="fa-brands fa-github" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </div> <nav class="footer-contact-links" aria-label="页脚链接"> <a href="/archives/">发展历程</a> <span aria-hidden="true">|</span><a href="/privacy/">隐私政策</a> </nav> </section> <section class="footer-bottom" aria-label="版权信息"> <div> <p>© 2025 - 2026 Bi's Blog</p> <p>blog.biss.click | 内容采用 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 协议</p> </div> <div class="footer-meta"> <p>本站已运行：<span id="site-runtime">计算中...</span></p> <p> <a href="https://fastly.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Fastly</a> <span aria-hidden="true">|</span><a href="https://astro.build/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">ASTRO</a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </footer> <aside class="hitokoto-card is-collapsed" aria-label="一言" data-hitokoto-card data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx> <div class="hitokoto-card__head" data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx> <button class="hitokoto-card__toggle" type="button" aria-label="展开一言" aria-expanded="false" title="一言" data-hitokoto-toggle data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx> <i class="fa-solid fa-quote-left" aria-hidden="true" data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx></i> <span data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx>一言</span> </button> <div class="hitokoto-card__actions" data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx> <button class="hitokoto-card__refresh" type="button" aria-label="换一句" title="换一句" data-hitokoto-refresh data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx> <i class="fa-solid fa-rotate" aria-hidden="true" data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx></i> </button> <button class="hitokoto-card__collapse" type="button" aria-label="收起一言" title="收起" data-hitokoto-collapse data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx> <i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true" data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx></i> </button> </div> </div> <a class="hitokoto-card__text" href="https://hitokoto.cn/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" data-hitokoto-text data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx>
|
||
获取中...
|
||
</a> <p class="hitokoto-card__from" data-hitokoto-from data-astro-cid-4cgfuthx>来自 Hitokoto</p> </aside> <script type="module">(()=>{const o=document.querySelector("[data-hitokoto-card]"),c=o?.querySelector("[data-hitokoto-toggle]"),s=o?.querySelector("[data-hitokoto-text]"),l=o?.querySelector("[data-hitokoto-from]"),g=o?.querySelector("[data-hitokoto-refresh]"),k=o?.querySelector("[data-hitokoto-collapse]");if(!(o instanceof HTMLElement)||!(c instanceof HTMLButtonElement)||!(s instanceof HTMLAnchorElement)||!(l instanceof HTMLElement))return;const y="https://yiyan.biss.click/api?encode=json",u="hitokoto-card-cache",d="hitokoto-card-expanded",x=360*60*1e3,f={sentence:"生活明朗，万物可爱。",source:"本地缓存",url:"https://hitokoto.cn/"},S=["/","/index.html"].includes(window.location.pathname),w=window.matchMedia("(max-width: 720px)");function E(){try{const t=localStorage.getItem(d);if(t==="true")return!0;if(t==="false")return!1}catch{}return null}function 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<button type="button" data-context-action="forward" aria-label="前进下一页" title="前进下一页"> <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <button type="button" data-context-action="reload" aria-label="刷新页面" title="刷新页面"> <i class="fa-solid fa-rotate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> <a href="/" aria-label="返回首页" title="返回首页"> <i class="fa-solid fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </div> <div class="context-menu-group" data-selection-group hidden> <button type="button" data-context-action="copy-selection" data-selection-item> <i class="fa-regular fa-copy" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>复制选中文字</span> </button> <button type="button" data-context-action="search-selection" data-selection-item> <i class="fa-brands fa-microsoft" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>用 Bing 搜索</span> </button> <button type="button" data-context-action="quote-selection" data-selection-item data-comments-item> <i class="fa-regular fa-comment-dots" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>引用到评论区</span> 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type="button" data-context-action="comments" data-comments-item> <i class="fa-regular fa-comment-dots" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>跳转评论区</span> </button> <button type="button" data-context-action="print"> <i class="fa-solid fa-print" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>打印页面</span> </button> <a href="/cc/"> <i class="fa-solid fa-circle-info" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>网站版权</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="context-menu-native-hint" data-context-native-hint role="note" aria-label="Ctrl 右键提示"> <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + 右键：浏览器原生菜单
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||
if (event.key === 'Escape' && nav.classList.contains('is-open')) setMenu(false);
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
|
||
if (window.innerWidth > 720) setMenu(false);
|
||
else menu.setAttribute('aria-hidden', String(!nav.classList.contains('is-open')));
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
menu.setAttribute('aria-hidden', String(window.innerWidth <= 720));
|
||
})();
|
||
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const modal = document.querySelector('[data-console-modal]');
|
||
const panel = modal?.querySelector('.control-console-panel');
|
||
const openButtons = document.querySelectorAll('[data-console-open]');
|
||
const closeButtons = modal?.querySelectorAll('[data-console-close]') || [];
|
||
if (!modal || !panel || openButtons.length === 0) return;
|
||
|
||
function setConsole(open) {
|
||
modal.classList.toggle('is-open', open);
|
||
modal.setAttribute('aria-hidden', String(!open));
|
||
document.body.classList.toggle('has-control-console', open);
|
||
if (open) panel.focus();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
openButtons.forEach((button) => {
|
||
button.addEventListener('click', () => setConsole(true));
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
closeButtons.forEach((button) => {
|
||
button.addEventListener('click', () => setConsole(false));
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
document.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
|
||
if (event.key === 'Escape' && modal.classList.contains('is-open')) setConsole(false);
|
||
});
|
||
})();
|
||
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const storageKey = 'site-theme';
|
||
const root = document.documentElement;
|
||
const button = document.querySelector('[data-theme-toggle]');
|
||
const media = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)');
|
||
const getSystemTheme = () => (media.matches ? 'dark' : 'light');
|
||
const getSavedTheme = () => {
|
||
try {
|
||
const theme = localStorage.getItem(storageKey);
|
||
return theme === 'dark' || theme === 'light' ? theme : null;
|
||
} catch {
|
||
return null;
|
||
}
|
||
};
|
||
const setSavedTheme = (theme) => {
|
||
try {
|
||
if (theme === getSystemTheme()) localStorage.removeItem(storageKey);
|
||
else localStorage.setItem(storageKey, theme);
|
||
} catch {
|
||
// localStorage can be unavailable in strict privacy modes.
|
||
}
|
||
};
|
||
const getTheme = () => getSavedTheme() || getSystemTheme();
|
||
|
||
function applyTheme(theme) {
|
||
root.dataset.theme = theme;
|
||
root.dataset.themeMode = getSavedTheme() ? 'manual' : 'auto';
|
||
button?.setAttribute('aria-label', theme === 'dark' ? '切换到日间模式' : '切换到夜间模式');
|
||
button?.setAttribute(
|
||
'title',
|
||
getSavedTheme()
|
||
? (theme === 'dark' ? '切换到日间模式' : '切换到夜间模式')
|
||
: `跟随系统：${theme === 'dark' ? '夜间' : '日间'}模式`
|
||
);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
applyTheme(getTheme());
|
||
|
||
button?.addEventListener('click', () => {
|
||
const nextTheme = root.dataset.theme === 'dark' ? 'light' : 'dark';
|
||
setSavedTheme(nextTheme);
|
||
applyTheme(nextTheme);
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
const handleSystemThemeChange = () => {
|
||
if (!getSavedTheme()) applyTheme(getSystemTheme());
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
if (typeof media.addEventListener === 'function') {
|
||
media.addEventListener('change', handleSystemThemeChange);
|
||
} else if (typeof media.addListener === 'function') {
|
||
media.addListener(handleSystemThemeChange);
|
||
}
|
||
})();
|
||
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const runtime = document.getElementById('site-runtime');
|
||
if (!runtime) return;
|
||
|
||
const start = new Date(window.SITE_CONFIG.site.startTime).getTime();
|
||
const pad = (value) => String(value).padStart(2, '0');
|
||
|
||
function updateRuntime() {
|
||
const diff = Math.max(0, Date.now() - start);
|
||
const days = Math.floor(diff / 86400000);
|
||
const hours = Math.floor((diff / 3600000) % 24);
|
||
const minutes = Math.floor((diff / 60000) % 60);
|
||
const seconds = Math.floor((diff / 1000) % 60);
|
||
runtime.textContent = `${days} 天 ${pad(hours)} 时 ${pad(minutes)} 分 ${pad(seconds)} 秒`;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
updateRuntime();
|
||
window.setInterval(updateRuntime, 1000);
|
||
})();
|
||
</script> </body> </html> <script>(function(){const postSlug = "c4477b0c";
|
||
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const article = document.querySelector('.post-article');
|
||
const progressBar = document.querySelector('[data-reading-progress]');
|
||
const resume = document.querySelector('[data-reading-resume]');
|
||
const resumePercent = document.querySelector('[data-reading-resume-percent]');
|
||
const continueButton = document.querySelector('[data-reading-continue]');
|
||
const restartButton = document.querySelector('[data-reading-restart]');
|
||
if (!article || !progressBar || !resume) return;
|
||
|
||
const storageKey = `reading-progress:${postSlug}`;
|
||
let saved = null;
|
||
let canPersist = true;
|
||
let frame = 0;
|
||
|
||
try {
|
||
saved = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(storageKey) || 'null');
|
||
} catch {
|
||
saved = null;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
const articleMetrics = () => {
|
||
const top = article.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.scrollY;
|
||
const distance = Math.max(1, article.offsetHeight - window.innerHeight);
|
||
return { top, distance };
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const getProgress = () => {
|
||
const { top, distance } = articleMetrics();
|
||
return Math.min(1, Math.max(0, (window.scrollY - top) / distance));
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const persist = (progress) => {
|
||
if (!canPersist) return;
|
||
try {
|
||
if (progress >= 0.97) localStorage.removeItem(storageKey);
|
||
else if (progress >= 0.02) localStorage.setItem(storageKey, JSON.stringify({ progress, savedAt: Date.now() }));
|
||
} catch {
|
||
// Storage can be unavailable in strict privacy modes.
|
||
}
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const update = () => {
|
||
frame = 0;
|
||
const progress = getProgress();
|
||
progressBar.style.transform = `scaleX(${progress})`;
|
||
persist(progress);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const requestUpdate = () => {
|
||
if (!frame) frame = window.requestAnimationFrame(update);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const closeResume = () => {
|
||
resume.hidden = true;
|
||
canPersist = true;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const savedIsFresh = saved && Date.now() - Number(saved.savedAt) < 90 * 86400000;
|
||
const savedProgress = Number(saved?.progress);
|
||
if (savedIsFresh && savedProgress >= 0.05 && savedProgress < 0.97) {
|
||
canPersist = false;
|
||
if (resumePercent) resumePercent.textContent = `${Math.round(savedProgress * 100)}%`;
|
||
window.setTimeout(() => { resume.hidden = false; }, 350);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
continueButton?.addEventListener('click', () => {
|
||
closeResume();
|
||
const { top, distance } = articleMetrics();
|
||
window.scrollTo({ top: top + distance * savedProgress, behavior: 'smooth' });
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
restartButton?.addEventListener('click', () => {
|
||
try { localStorage.removeItem(storageKey); } catch {}
|
||
closeResume();
|
||
window.scrollTo({ top: Math.max(0, articleMetrics().top - 90), behavior: 'smooth' });
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
update();
|
||
window.addEventListener('scroll', requestUpdate, { passive: true });
|
||
window.addEventListener('resize', requestUpdate);
|
||
window.addEventListener('pagehide', () => persist(getProgress()));
|
||
})();
|
||
})();</script> <script>
|
||
(() => {
|
||
document.querySelectorAll('.article-outdated-note[data-freshness-at]').forEach((note) => {
|
||
const freshnessAt = new Date(note.dataset.freshnessAt || '');
|
||
const hasNewVersion = note.dataset.hasNewVersion === 'true';
|
||
if (Number.isNaN(freshnessAt.valueOf())) return;
|
||
|
||
const threshold = new Date();
|
||
threshold.setFullYear(threshold.getFullYear() - 1);
|
||
note.hidden = !hasNewVersion && freshnessAt >= threshold;
|
||
});
|
||
})();
|
||
</script> <script>
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const prose = document.querySelector('.prose[data-toc]');
|
||
if (!prose) return;
|
||
|
||
let toc = [];
|
||
try {
|
||
toc = JSON.parse(prose.dataset.toc || '[]');
|
||
} catch {
|
||
toc = [];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
prose.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3').forEach((heading, index) => {
|
||
const item = toc[index];
|
||
if (item?.id && !heading.id) heading.id = item.id;
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
const tocTree = document.querySelector('[data-toc-tree]');
|
||
if (tocTree && toc.length > 0) {
|
||
const links = [...tocTree.querySelectorAll('[data-toc-link]')];
|
||
const groups = [...tocTree.querySelectorAll('[data-toc-group]')];
|
||
const headings = toc
|
||
.map((item) => document.getElementById(item.id))
|
||
.filter(Boolean);
|
||
|
||
const setActiveToc = (id) => {
|
||
links.forEach((link) => {
|
||
const isActive = link.getAttribute('href') === `#${id}`;
|
||
link.classList.toggle('is-active', isActive);
|
||
if (isActive) link.setAttribute('aria-current', 'location');
|
||
else link.removeAttribute('aria-current');
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
const activeLink = tocTree.querySelector(`[data-toc-link][href="#${CSS.escape(id)}"]`);
|
||
const activeGroup = activeLink?.closest('[data-toc-group]');
|
||
groups.forEach((group) => group.classList.toggle('is-open', group === activeGroup));
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const updateToc = () => {
|
||
const anchorOffset = 132;
|
||
let activeId = headings[0]?.id;
|
||
|
||
headings.forEach((heading) => {
|
||
if (heading.getBoundingClientRect().top <= anchorOffset) activeId = heading.id;
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
if (activeId) setActiveToc(activeId);
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
tocTree.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
|
||
const link = event.target.closest?.('[data-toc-link]');
|
||
if (!link) return;
|
||
|
||
const group = link.closest('[data-toc-group]');
|
||
groups.forEach((item) => item.classList.toggle('is-open', item === group));
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
updateToc();
|
||
window.addEventListener('scroll', updateToc, { passive: true });
|
||
window.addEventListener('resize', updateToc);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
})();
|
||
</script> <script>
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const prose = document.querySelector('.post-article .prose');
|
||
if (!prose) return;
|
||
|
||
const collapsedLineCount = 8;
|
||
const copyLabels = {
|
||
idle: '复制',
|
||
done: '已复制',
|
||
error: '复制失败',
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
const languageNames = {
|
||
bash: 'Bash',
|
||
c: 'C',
|
||
cpp: 'C++',
|
||
cs: 'C#',
|
||
css: 'CSS',
|
||
html: 'HTML',
|
||
js: 'JavaScript',
|
||
json: 'JSON',
|
||
jsx: 'JSX',
|
||
md: 'Markdown',
|
||
powershell: 'PowerShell',
|
||
py: 'Python',
|
||
shell: 'Shell',
|
||
sh: 'Shell',
|
||
ts: 'TypeScript',
|
||
tsx: 'TSX',
|
||
txt: 'Text',
|
||
yaml: 'YAML',
|
||
yml: 'YAML',
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
function getCodeLanguage(pre, code) {
|
||
const rawLanguage =
|
||
pre.dataset.language ||
|
||
code.dataset.language ||
|
||
[...pre.classList, ...code.classList]
|
||
.find((className) => className.startsWith('language-'))
|
||
?.replace(/^language-/, '') ||
|
||
'';
|
||
|
||
const normalized = rawLanguage.trim().toLowerCase();
|
||
return languageNames[normalized] || normalized.toUpperCase() || 'Code';
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
function getCodeText(code, lines) {
|
||
if (lines.length > 0) return lines.map((line) => line.textContent || '').join('\n');
|
||
return code.textContent || '';
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
prose.querySelectorAll('img').forEach((image) => {
|
||
if (image.closest('a, .article-header-cover')) return;
|
||
|
||
const src = image.currentSrc || image.getAttribute('src');
|
||
if (!src) return;
|
||
|
||
const link = document.createElement('a');
|
||
link.className = 'fancybox';
|
||
link.href = src;
|
||
link.dataset.fancybox = 'article-gallery';
|
||
link.dataset.caption = image.getAttribute('alt') || '';
|
||
image.parentNode?.insertBefore(link, image);
|
||
link.appendChild(image);
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
prose.querySelectorAll('table').forEach((table) => {
|
||
if (table.closest('.table-scroll')) return;
|
||
|
||
const wrapper = document.createElement('div');
|
||
wrapper.className = 'table-scroll';
|
||
table.parentNode?.insertBefore(wrapper, table);
|
||
wrapper.appendChild(table);
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
prose.querySelectorAll('.butterfly-hide-inline').forEach((item) => {
|
||
const button = item.querySelector('.butterfly-hide-toggle');
|
||
if (!button) return;
|
||
|
||
button.addEventListener('click', () => {
|
||
item.classList.toggle('is-open');
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
if (window.Fancybox) {
|
||
window.Fancybox.bind('[data-fancybox="article-gallery"]', {
|
||
compact: false,
|
||
dragToClose: true,
|
||
Images: {
|
||
zoom: true,
|
||
},
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
async function copyText(text) {
|
||
if (navigator.clipboard?.writeText) {
|
||
await navigator.clipboard.writeText(text);
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
const textarea = document.createElement('textarea');
|
||
textarea.value = text;
|
||
textarea.setAttribute('readonly', '');
|
||
textarea.style.position = 'fixed';
|
||
textarea.style.top = '-9999px';
|
||
textarea.style.opacity = '0';
|
||
document.body.appendChild(textarea);
|
||
textarea.select();
|
||
document.execCommand('copy');
|
||
textarea.remove();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
prose.querySelectorAll('pre').forEach((pre) => {
|
||
if (pre.closest('.code-block')) return;
|
||
|
||
const code = pre.querySelector('code');
|
||
if (!code) return;
|
||
|
||
const wrapper = document.createElement('div');
|
||
wrapper.className = 'code-block';
|
||
pre.parentNode?.insertBefore(wrapper, pre);
|
||
wrapper.appendChild(pre);
|
||
|
||
const header = document.createElement('div');
|
||
header.className = 'code-block-header';
|
||
|
||
const language = document.createElement('span');
|
||
language.className = 'code-block-language';
|
||
language.textContent = getCodeLanguage(pre, code);
|
||
|
||
const toolbar = document.createElement('div');
|
||
toolbar.className = 'code-block-toolbar';
|
||
|
||
const copyButton = document.createElement('button');
|
||
copyButton.className = 'code-block-copy';
|
||
copyButton.type = 'button';
|
||
copyButton.textContent = copyLabels.idle;
|
||
copyButton.setAttribute('aria-label', '复制代码');
|
||
|
||
const toggleButton = document.createElement('button');
|
||
toggleButton.className = 'code-block-toggle';
|
||
toggleButton.type = 'button';
|
||
toggleButton.textContent = '展开';
|
||
toggleButton.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
|
||
|
||
const expandCue = document.createElement('button');
|
||
expandCue.className = 'code-block-expand-cue';
|
||
expandCue.type = 'button';
|
||
expandCue.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Expand code block');
|
||
expandCue.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
|
||
expandCue.innerHTML = '<span aria-hidden="true"></span>';
|
||
|
||
toolbar.append(copyButton, toggleButton);
|
||
header.append(language, toolbar);
|
||
wrapper.appendChild(header);
|
||
wrapper.appendChild(expandCue);
|
||
|
||
const codeLines = [...code.querySelectorAll(':scope > .line')];
|
||
if (codeLines.length > 0) {
|
||
wrapper.classList.add('has-line-numbers');
|
||
wrapper.style.setProperty('--line-number-width', `${String(codeLines.length).length + 1}ch`);
|
||
codeLines.forEach((line, index) => {
|
||
line.dataset.line = String(index + 1);
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
const lineCount = codeLines.length || (code.textContent || '').split(/\r?\n/).length;
|
||
if (lineCount > collapsedLineCount) wrapper.classList.add('is-collapsible');
|
||
|
||
copyButton.addEventListener('click', async () => {
|
||
try {
|
||
await copyText(getCodeText(code, codeLines));
|
||
copyButton.textContent = copyLabels.done;
|
||
window.setTimeout(() => {
|
||
copyButton.textContent = copyLabels.idle;
|
||
}, 1400);
|
||
} catch {
|
||
copyButton.textContent = copyLabels.error;
|
||
window.setTimeout(() => {
|
||
copyButton.textContent = copyLabels.idle;
|
||
}, 1600);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
function toggleExpanded() {
|
||
const isExpanded = wrapper.classList.toggle('is-expanded');
|
||
toggleButton.textContent = isExpanded ? '收起' : '展开';
|
||
toggleButton.setAttribute('aria-expanded', String(isExpanded));
|
||
expandCue.setAttribute('aria-expanded', String(isExpanded));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
toggleButton.addEventListener('click', toggleExpanded);
|
||
expandCue.addEventListener('click', toggleExpanded);
|
||
});
|
||
})();
|
||
</script> |