diff --git a/.env.example b/.env.example
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f75cce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.env.example
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# 本地开发（默认）
+NODE_ENV=development
+DATABASE_CLIENT=sqlite
+SQLITE_PATH=./data/exam.sqlite
+HOST=127.0.0.1
+PORT=4173
+
+# MySQL 8.4 生产环境：将 DATABASE_CLIENT 改为 mysql，并配置以下变量。
+# NODE_ENV=production
+# DATABASE_CLIENT=mysql
+# MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1
+# MYSQL_PORT=3306
+# MYSQL_USER=exam_app
+# MYSQL_PASSWORD=replace-with-a-strong-password
+# MYSQL_DATABASE=exam_information
+# MYSQL_CONNECTION_LIMIT=10
+# HOST=0.0.0.0
+
+# 也可以用单个连接地址替代全部 MYSQL_* 连接参数：
+# DATABASE_URL=mysql://exam_app:password@127.0.0.1:3306/exam_information
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 62b4701..0c4a5a4 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
 data/db.json
 data/test-db.json
+data/*.sqlite
+data/*.sqlite-shm
+data/*.sqlite-wal
+node_modules/
+.env
 *.log
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 78cd086..9c5c00a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # 衡准 · 考试信息管理系统
 
-一个完整可运行的双角色考试信息管理系统，使用零依赖 Node.js 后端和 JSON 持久化，开箱即可运行。
+一个完整可运行的双角色考试信息管理系统，使用 Node.js 后端；本地开发采用 SQLite，生产环境支持 MySQL 8.4。
 
 ## 已实现功能
 
@@ -37,22 +37,73 @@
 - PBKDF2 加盐密码哈希
 - HttpOnly、SameSite 登录 Cookie
 - 服务端角色权限校验
-- JSON 文件持久化
+- SQLite / MySQL 8.4 双数据库持久化
+- 规范关系模型、外键、唯一约束和业务索引
+- 业务写入与审计日志使用原子事务提交
 - 关键管理操作审计日志
 - 桌面端与移动端响应式布局
 - 零第三方运行时依赖
 
 ## 运行
 
-需要 Node.js 18 或更高版本。
+需要 Node.js 22.5 或更高版本（SQLite 使用 Node.js 内置驱动）。
 
 ```powershell
+npm install
 npm start
 ```
 
 打开 <http://127.0.0.1:4173>。
 
-首次运行会自动创建 `data/db.json`。
+本地开发无需额外配置，首次运行会自动创建 `data/exam.sqlite` 和完整关系型数据库结构。当前处于开发阶段，不兼容或导入旧版 JSON/单表数据库；更改表结构后请删除本地 SQLite 文件并重新启动。
+
+## 数据库配置
+
+应用根据 `DATABASE_CLIENT` 使用不同数据库。未设置时，开发/测试环境默认 `sqlite`，`NODE_ENV=production` 默认 `mysql`。
+
+### 本地 SQLite
+
+```powershell
+$env:DATABASE_CLIENT = 'sqlite'
+$env:SQLITE_PATH = './data/exam.sqlite'
+npm start
+```
+
+`SQLITE_PATH` 可省略，默认路径就是 `./data/exam.sqlite`。
+
+### 生产 MySQL 8.4
+
+先在 MySQL 8.4 中创建数据库和最小权限账号：
+
+```sql
+CREATE DATABASE exam_information CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
+CREATE USER 'exam_app'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replace-with-a-strong-password';
+GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, CREATE ON exam_information.* TO 'exam_app'@'%';
+```
+
+启动应用时设置连接信息，应用会自动创建以下关系表并初始化演示数据：
+
+- `users`、`candidate_profiles`
+- `exams`、`exam_subjects`
+- `registrations`、`registration_subjects`、`admit_cards`
+- `results`、`notices`、`audit_logs`
+- `organization`、`schema_metadata`
+
+所有关联均有外键约束，账号、证件号、考试代码、报名关系、准考证号和单科成绩均有对应唯一约束。
+
+```powershell
+$env:NODE_ENV = 'production'
+$env:DATABASE_CLIENT = 'mysql'
+$env:MYSQL_HOST = '127.0.0.1'
+$env:MYSQL_PORT = '3306'
+$env:MYSQL_USER = 'exam_app'
+$env:MYSQL_PASSWORD = 'replace-with-a-strong-password'
+$env:MYSQL_DATABASE = 'exam_information'
+$env:HOST = '0.0.0.0'
+npm start
+```
+
+也可以只设置标准连接地址 `DATABASE_URL=mysql://user:password@host:3306/database`。完整模板见 `.env.example`；项目不会自动加载 `.env` 文件，部署平台应将这些值作为进程环境变量注入。
 
 ## 演示账号
 
@@ -67,7 +118,7 @@ npm start
 npm test
 ```
 
-测试使用独立临时数据库，覆盖注册、审核、多科目报名、准考证生成与下载、通知发布、成绩发布和权限隔离完整流程。
+测试使用独立临时 SQLite 数据库，覆盖注册、审核、多科目报名、准考证生成与下载、通知发布、成绩发布和权限隔离完整流程。
 
 ## 项目结构
 
@@ -76,6 +127,8 @@ index.html              页面入口
 styles.css              公共首页、考生端、管理端响应式样式
 app.js                  前端路由、状态和业务交互
 server.mjs              HTTP 服务、认证、权限与全部业务 API
+database.mjs            分表结构、SQLite / MySQL 适配与事务仓储
 tests/system.test.mjs   端到端系统测试
-data/db.json            运行后生成的持久化数据
+data/exam.sqlite        本地运行后生成的 SQLite 数据库
+.env.example            开发与生产环境变量模板
 ```
diff --git a/database.mjs b/database.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f8a51d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,916 @@
+import { mkdir } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { dirname, join, resolve } from 'node:path';
+
+export const relationalTables = [
+  'schema_metadata',
+  'organization',
+  'users',
+  'candidate_profiles',
+  'notices',
+  'exams',
+  'exam_subjects',
+  'registrations',
+  'registration_subjects',
+  'admit_cards',
+  'results',
+  'audit_logs'
+];
+
+const sqliteSchema = `
+  PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS schema_metadata (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY CHECK (id = 1),
+    schema_version INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    app_version INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS organization (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY CHECK (id = 1),
+    name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    code TEXT NOT NULL,
+    phone TEXT NOT NULL,
+    address TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    username TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    password_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
+    role TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (role IN ('admin', 'candidate')),
+    display_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS candidate_profiles (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    gender TEXT,
+    id_number TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    phone TEXT NOT NULL,
+    email TEXT,
+    school TEXT,
+    grade TEXT,
+    address TEXT,
+    emergency_contact TEXT,
+    emergency_phone TEXT,
+    status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('pending', 'approved', 'rejected')),
+    review_note TEXT,
+    reviewed_at TEXT,
+    reviewer_id TEXT REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    updated_at TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS notices (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    title TEXT NOT NULL,
+    summary TEXT NOT NULL,
+    content TEXT NOT NULL,
+    category TEXT NOT NULL,
+    pinned INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 CHECK (pinned IN (0, 1)),
+    status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('draft', 'published')),
+    publish_at TEXT,
+    created_at TEXT,
+    author TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS exams (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    code TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    description TEXT NOT NULL,
+    registration_start TEXT NOT NULL,
+    registration_end TEXT NOT NULL,
+    exam_start TEXT NOT NULL,
+    exam_end TEXT NOT NULL,
+    admit_download_start TEXT NOT NULL,
+    admit_download_end TEXT NOT NULL,
+    location TEXT NOT NULL,
+    status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('draft', 'published', 'closed')),
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS exam_subjects (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    exam_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES exams(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    subject_date TEXT NOT NULL,
+    start_time TEXT NOT NULL,
+    end_time TEXT NOT NULL,
+    fee REAL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    position INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    UNIQUE (exam_id, position)
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS registrations (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    exam_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES exams(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('pending', 'approved', 'rejected')),
+    payment_status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (payment_status IN ('unpaid', 'paid', 'refunded')),
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL,
+    reviewed_at TEXT,
+    review_note TEXT,
+    UNIQUE (user_id, exam_id)
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS registration_subjects (
+    registration_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES registrations(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    subject_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES exam_subjects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    PRIMARY KEY (registration_id, subject_id)
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS admit_cards (
+    registration_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES registrations(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    card_number TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    test_center TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room TEXT NOT NULL,
+    seat TEXT NOT NULL,
+    generated_at TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS results (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    registration_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES registrations(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    subject_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES exam_subjects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    score REAL NOT NULL CHECK (score >= 0 AND score <= 150),
+    grade TEXT NOT NULL,
+    published INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 CHECK (published IN (0, 1)),
+    updated_at TEXT,
+    published_at TEXT,
+    UNIQUE (registration_id, subject_id)
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS audit_logs (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    actor_id TEXT REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    action TEXT NOT NULL,
+    detail TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL
+  ) STRICT;
+
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_profiles_status ON candidate_profiles(status);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_notices_status_publish ON notices(status, publish_at);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_exams_status_registration ON exams(status, registration_start, registration_end);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_subjects_exam ON exam_subjects(exam_id, position);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_registrations_status ON registrations(status);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_registrations_exam ON registrations(exam_id);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_results_registration ON results(registration_id, published);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_audit_created ON audit_logs(created_at);
+`;
+
+const mysqlSchema = [
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS schema_metadata (
+    id TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
+    schema_version INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    app_version INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+    created_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    CONSTRAINT chk_schema_metadata_singleton CHECK (id = 1)
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS organization (
+    id TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
+    name VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
+    code VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
+    phone VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
+    address VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    CONSTRAINT chk_organization_singleton CHECK (id = 1)
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    username VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    password_hash VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    role ENUM('admin', 'candidate') NOT NULL,
+    display_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    created_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_users_username (username)
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS candidate_profiles (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    user_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    gender VARCHAR(20) NULL,
+    id_number VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
+    phone VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
+    email VARCHAR(160) NULL,
+    school VARCHAR(160) NULL,
+    grade VARCHAR(100) NULL,
+    address VARCHAR(255) NULL,
+    emergency_contact VARCHAR(100) NULL,
+    emergency_phone VARCHAR(60) NULL,
+    status ENUM('pending', 'approved', 'rejected') NOT NULL,
+    review_note VARCHAR(500) NULL,
+    reviewed_at VARCHAR(35) NULL,
+    reviewer_id VARCHAR(64) NULL,
+    updated_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_profiles_user (user_id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_profiles_id_number (id_number),
+    KEY idx_profiles_status (status),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_profiles_user FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    CONSTRAINT fk_profiles_reviewer FOREIGN KEY (reviewer_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS notices (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    title VARCHAR(240) NOT NULL,
+    summary VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
+    content TEXT NOT NULL,
+    category VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
+    pinned BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE,
+    status ENUM('draft', 'published') NOT NULL,
+    publish_at VARCHAR(35) NULL,
+    created_at VARCHAR(35) NULL,
+    author VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    KEY idx_notices_status_publish (status, publish_at)
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS exams (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    code VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
+    name VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
+    description TEXT NOT NULL,
+    registration_start VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    registration_end VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    exam_start VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    exam_end VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    admit_download_start VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    admit_download_end VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    location VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
+    status ENUM('draft', 'published', 'closed') NOT NULL,
+    created_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_exams_code (code),
+    KEY idx_exams_status_registration (status, registration_start, registration_end)
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS exam_subjects (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    exam_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    subject_date VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    start_time VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    end_time VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    fee DOUBLE NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    position INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_subjects_exam_position (exam_id, position),
+    KEY idx_subjects_exam (exam_id, position),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_subjects_exam FOREIGN KEY (exam_id) REFERENCES exams(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS registrations (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    user_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    exam_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    status ENUM('pending', 'approved', 'rejected') NOT NULL,
+    payment_status ENUM('unpaid', 'paid', 'refunded') NOT NULL,
+    created_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    reviewed_at VARCHAR(35) NULL,
+    review_note VARCHAR(500) NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_registrations_user_exam (user_id, exam_id),
+    KEY idx_registrations_status (status),
+    KEY idx_registrations_exam (exam_id),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_registrations_user FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    CONSTRAINT fk_registrations_exam FOREIGN KEY (exam_id) REFERENCES exams(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS registration_subjects (
+    registration_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    subject_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (registration_id, subject_id),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_registration_subjects_registration FOREIGN KEY (registration_id) REFERENCES registrations(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    CONSTRAINT fk_registration_subjects_subject FOREIGN KEY (subject_id) REFERENCES exam_subjects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS admit_cards (
+    registration_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    card_number VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    test_center VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
+    room VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    seat VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
+    generated_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (registration_id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_admit_cards_number (card_number),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_admit_cards_registration FOREIGN KEY (registration_id) REFERENCES registrations(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS results (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    registration_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    subject_id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    score DOUBLE NOT NULL,
+    grade VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    published BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE,
+    updated_at VARCHAR(35) NULL,
+    published_at VARCHAR(35) NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_results_registration_subject (registration_id, subject_id),
+    KEY idx_results_registration (registration_id, published),
+    CONSTRAINT chk_results_score CHECK (score >= 0 AND score <= 150),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_results_registration FOREIGN KEY (registration_id) REFERENCES registrations(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    CONSTRAINT fk_results_subject FOREIGN KEY (subject_id) REFERENCES exam_subjects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`,
+  `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS audit_logs (
+    id VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    actor_id VARCHAR(64) NULL,
+    action VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    detail VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
+    created_at VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    KEY idx_audit_created (created_at),
+    CONSTRAINT fk_audit_actor FOREIGN KEY (actor_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL
+  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci`
+];
+
+function validateState(state, source = '数据库') {
+  const collections = ['users', 'candidateProfiles', 'notices', 'exams', 'registrations', 'results', 'auditLogs'];
+  if (!state || typeof state !== 'object' || collections.some(name => !Array.isArray(state[name]))) {
+    throw new Error(`${source}中的应用数据格式无效`);
+  }
+  return state;
+}
+
+function buildSeedOperations(state) {
+  validateState(state);
+  const operations = [];
+  const add = (sql, ...params) => operations.push({ sql, params });
+  const nullable = value => value == null || value === '' ? null : value;
+
+  add(
+    'UPDATE schema_metadata SET schema_version = 1, app_version = ?, created_at = ? WHERE id = 1',
+    Number(state.meta?.version || 1), state.meta?.createdAt || new Date().toISOString()
+  );
+  add(
+    'INSERT INTO organization (id, name, code, phone, address) VALUES (1, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+    state.organization?.name || '', state.organization?.code || '', state.organization?.phone || '', state.organization?.address || ''
+  );
+
+  for (const user of state.users) {
+    add(
+      'INSERT INTO users (id, username, password_hash, role, display_name, created_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+      user.id, user.username, user.passwordHash, user.role, user.displayName, user.createdAt
+    );
+  }
+
+  for (const profile of state.candidateProfiles) {
+    add(
+      `INSERT INTO candidate_profiles (
+        id, user_id, name, gender, id_number, phone, email, school, grade, address,
+        emergency_contact, emergency_phone, status, review_note, reviewed_at, reviewer_id, updated_at
+      ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+      profile.id, profile.userId, profile.name, nullable(profile.gender), profile.idNumber, profile.phone,
+      nullable(profile.email), nullable(profile.school), nullable(profile.grade), nullable(profile.address),
+      nullable(profile.emergencyContact), nullable(profile.emergencyPhone), profile.status, nullable(profile.reviewNote),
+      nullable(profile.reviewedAt), nullable(profile.reviewerId), profile.updatedAt
+    );
+  }
+
+  for (const notice of state.notices) {
+    add(
+      `INSERT INTO notices (
+        id, title, summary, content, category, pinned, status, publish_at, created_at, author
+      ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+      notice.id, notice.title, notice.summary, notice.content, notice.category, notice.pinned ? 1 : 0,
+      notice.status, nullable(notice.publishAt), nullable(notice.createdAt), notice.author
+    );
+  }
+
+  for (const exam of state.exams) {
+    add(
+      `INSERT INTO exams (
+        id, code, name, description, registration_start, registration_end, exam_start, exam_end,
+        admit_download_start, admit_download_end, location, status, created_at
+      ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+      exam.id, exam.code, exam.name, exam.description || '', exam.registrationStart, exam.registrationEnd,
+      exam.examStart, exam.examEnd, exam.admitDownloadStart, exam.admitDownloadEnd, exam.location || '',
+      exam.status, exam.createdAt
+    );
+    exam.subjects.forEach((subject, index) => add(
+      `INSERT INTO exam_subjects (
+        id, exam_id, name, subject_date, start_time, end_time, fee, position
+      ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+      subject.id, exam.id, subject.name, subject.date || String(exam.examStart).slice(0, 10),
+      subject.start || '', subject.end || '', Number(subject.fee || 0), Number(subject.order || index + 1)
+    ));
+  }
+
+  for (const registration of state.registrations) {
+    add(
+      `INSERT INTO registrations (
+        id, user_id, exam_id, status, payment_status, created_at, reviewed_at, review_note
+      ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+      registration.id, registration.userId, registration.examId, registration.status,
+      registration.paymentStatus, registration.createdAt, nullable(registration.reviewedAt), nullable(registration.reviewNote)
+    );
+    for (const subjectId of registration.subjectIds) {
+      add('INSERT INTO registration_subjects (registration_id, subject_id) VALUES (?, ?)', registration.id, subjectId);
+    }
+    if (registration.admitCard) {
+      add(
+        `INSERT INTO admit_cards (
+          registration_id, card_number, test_center, room, seat, generated_at
+        ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+        registration.id, registration.admitCard.number, registration.admitCard.testCenter,
+        registration.admitCard.room, registration.admitCard.seat, registration.admitCard.generatedAt
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (const result of state.results) {
+    add(
+      `INSERT INTO results (
+        id, registration_id, subject_id, score, grade, published, updated_at, published_at
+      ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+      result.id, result.registrationId, result.subjectId, Number(result.score), result.grade,
+      result.published ? 1 : 0, nullable(result.updatedAt), nullable(result.publishedAt)
+    );
+  }
+
+  for (const log of state.auditLogs) {
+    add(
+      'INSERT INTO audit_logs (id, actor_id, action, detail, created_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+      log.id, nullable(log.actorId), log.action, log.detail, log.createdAt
+    );
+  }
+
+  return operations;
+}
+
+function stateFromRows(rows) {
+  const subjectsByExam = new Map();
+  for (const row of rows.subjects) {
+    const subject = {
+      id: row.id,
+      name: row.name,
+      date: row.subject_date,
+      start: row.start_time,
+      end: row.end_time,
+      fee: Number(row.fee),
+      order: Number(row.position)
+    };
+    const subjects = subjectsByExam.get(row.exam_id) || [];
+    subjects.push(subject);
+    subjectsByExam.set(row.exam_id, subjects);
+  }
+
+  const registrationSubjects = new Map();
+  for (const row of rows.registrationSubjects) {
+    const subjectIds = registrationSubjects.get(row.registration_id) || [];
+    subjectIds.push(row.subject_id);
+    registrationSubjects.set(row.registration_id, subjectIds);
+  }
+  const admitCards = new Map(rows.admitCards.map(row => [row.registration_id, {
+    number: row.card_number,
+    testCenter: row.test_center,
+    room: row.room,
+    seat: row.seat,
+    generatedAt: row.generated_at
+  }]));
+
+  const organization = rows.organization;
+  const state = {
+    meta: { version: Number(rows.system.app_version), createdAt: rows.system.created_at },
+    organization: {
+      name: organization.name,
+      code: organization.code,
+      phone: organization.phone,
+      address: organization.address
+    },
+    users: rows.users.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      username: row.username,
+      passwordHash: row.password_hash,
+      role: row.role,
+      displayName: row.display_name,
+      createdAt: row.created_at
+    })),
+    candidateProfiles: rows.profiles.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      userId: row.user_id,
+      name: row.name,
+      gender: row.gender || '',
+      idNumber: row.id_number,
+      phone: row.phone,
+      email: row.email || '',
+      school: row.school || '',
+      grade: row.grade || '',
+      address: row.address || '',
+      emergencyContact: row.emergency_contact || '',
+      emergencyPhone: row.emergency_phone || '',
+      status: row.status,
+      reviewNote: row.review_note || '',
+      reviewedAt: row.reviewed_at,
+      reviewerId: row.reviewer_id,
+      updatedAt: row.updated_at
+    })),
+    notices: rows.notices.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      title: row.title,
+      summary: row.summary,
+      content: row.content,
+      category: row.category,
+      pinned: Boolean(row.pinned),
+      status: row.status,
+      publishAt: row.publish_at,
+      createdAt: row.created_at,
+      author: row.author
+    })),
+    exams: rows.exams.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      code: row.code,
+      name: row.name,
+      description: row.description,
+      registrationStart: row.registration_start,
+      registrationEnd: row.registration_end,
+      examStart: row.exam_start,
+      examEnd: row.exam_end,
+      admitDownloadStart: row.admit_download_start,
+      admitDownloadEnd: row.admit_download_end,
+      location: row.location,
+      status: row.status,
+      createdAt: row.created_at,
+      subjects: subjectsByExam.get(row.id) || []
+    })),
+    registrations: rows.registrations.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      userId: row.user_id,
+      examId: row.exam_id,
+      subjectIds: registrationSubjects.get(row.id) || [],
+      status: row.status,
+      paymentStatus: row.payment_status,
+      createdAt: row.created_at,
+      reviewedAt: row.reviewed_at,
+      reviewNote: row.review_note || '',
+      admitCard: admitCards.get(row.id) || null
+    })),
+    results: rows.results.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      registrationId: row.registration_id,
+      subjectId: row.subject_id,
+      score: Number(row.score),
+      grade: row.grade,
+      published: Boolean(row.published),
+      updatedAt: row.updated_at,
+      publishedAt: row.published_at
+    })),
+    auditLogs: rows.auditLogs.map(row => ({
+      id: row.id,
+      actorId: row.actor_id,
+      action: row.action,
+      detail: row.detail,
+      createdAt: row.created_at
+    }))
+  };
+  return state;
+}
+
+function readSqliteRows(connection) {
+  return {
+    system: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM schema_metadata WHERE id = 1').get(),
+    organization: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM organization WHERE id = 1').get(),
+    users: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY created_at, id').all(),
+    profiles: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM candidate_profiles ORDER BY updated_at, id').all(),
+    notices: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM notices ORDER BY publish_at, created_at, id').all(),
+    exams: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM exams ORDER BY created_at, id').all(),
+    subjects: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM exam_subjects ORDER BY exam_id, position, id').all(),
+    registrations: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM registrations ORDER BY created_at, id').all(),
+    registrationSubjects: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM registration_subjects ORDER BY registration_id, subject_id').all(),
+    admitCards: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM admit_cards ORDER BY registration_id').all(),
+    results: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM results ORDER BY id').all(),
+    auditLogs: connection.prepare('SELECT * FROM audit_logs ORDER BY created_at DESC, id DESC').all()
+  };
+}
+
+async function readMysqlRows(connection) {
+  const query = async sql => (await connection.execute(sql))[0];
+  const one = async sql => (await query(sql))[0];
+  return {
+    system: await one('SELECT * FROM schema_metadata WHERE id = 1'),
+    organization: await one('SELECT * FROM organization WHERE id = 1'),
+    users: await query('SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY created_at, id'),
+    profiles: await query('SELECT * FROM candidate_profiles ORDER BY updated_at, id'),
+    notices: await query('SELECT * FROM notices ORDER BY publish_at, created_at, id'),
+    exams: await query('SELECT * FROM exams ORDER BY created_at, id'),
+    subjects: await query('SELECT * FROM exam_subjects ORDER BY exam_id, position, id'),
+    registrations: await query('SELECT * FROM registrations ORDER BY created_at, id'),
+    registrationSubjects: await query('SELECT * FROM registration_subjects ORDER BY registration_id, subject_id'),
+    admitCards: await query('SELECT * FROM admit_cards ORDER BY registration_id'),
+    results: await query('SELECT * FROM results ORDER BY id'),
+    auditLogs: await query('SELECT * FROM audit_logs ORDER BY created_at DESC, id DESC')
+  };
+}
+
+function operation(sql, ...params) {
+  return { sql, params };
+}
+
+function optional(value) {
+  return value == null || value === '' ? null : value;
+}
+
+function auditOperation(log) {
+  return operation(
+    'INSERT INTO audit_logs (id, actor_id, action, detail, created_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+    log.id, optional(log.actorId), log.action, log.detail, log.createdAt
+  );
+}
+
+function createRepository({ client, location, read, transaction, close }) {
+  return {
+    client,
+    location,
+    read,
+    close,
+    async createCandidate(user, profile) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          'INSERT INTO users (id, username, password_hash, role, display_name, created_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+          user.id, user.username, user.passwordHash, user.role, user.displayName, user.createdAt
+        ),
+        operation(
+          `INSERT INTO candidate_profiles (
+            id, user_id, name, gender, id_number, phone, email, school, grade, address,
+            emergency_contact, emergency_phone, status, review_note, reviewed_at, reviewer_id, updated_at
+          ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+          profile.id, profile.userId, profile.name, optional(profile.gender), profile.idNumber, profile.phone,
+          optional(profile.email), optional(profile.school), optional(profile.grade), optional(profile.address),
+          optional(profile.emergencyContact), optional(profile.emergencyPhone), profile.status, optional(profile.reviewNote),
+          optional(profile.reviewedAt), optional(profile.reviewerId), profile.updatedAt
+        )
+      ]);
+    },
+    async updateCandidateProfile(profile, displayName) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `UPDATE candidate_profiles SET
+            name = ?, gender = ?, id_number = ?, phone = ?, email = ?, school = ?, grade = ?, address = ?,
+            emergency_contact = ?, emergency_phone = ?, status = ?, review_note = ?, reviewed_at = ?, reviewer_id = ?, updated_at = ?
+          WHERE id = ?`,
+          profile.name, optional(profile.gender), profile.idNumber, profile.phone, optional(profile.email),
+          optional(profile.school), optional(profile.grade), optional(profile.address), optional(profile.emergencyContact),
+          optional(profile.emergencyPhone), profile.status, optional(profile.reviewNote), optional(profile.reviewedAt),
+          optional(profile.reviewerId), profile.updatedAt, profile.id
+        ),
+        operation('UPDATE users SET display_name = ? WHERE id = ?', displayName, profile.userId)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async createRegistration(registration) {
+      const operations = [operation(
+        `INSERT INTO registrations (
+          id, user_id, exam_id, status, payment_status, created_at, reviewed_at, review_note
+        ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+        registration.id, registration.userId, registration.examId, registration.status,
+        registration.paymentStatus, registration.createdAt, optional(registration.reviewedAt), optional(registration.reviewNote)
+      )];
+      for (const subjectId of registration.subjectIds) {
+        operations.push(operation(
+          'INSERT INTO registration_subjects (registration_id, subject_id) VALUES (?, ?)',
+          registration.id, subjectId
+        ));
+      }
+      await transaction(operations);
+    },
+    async reviewCandidate(profile, log) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `UPDATE candidate_profiles SET status = ?, review_note = ?, reviewed_at = ?, reviewer_id = ? WHERE id = ?`,
+          profile.status, optional(profile.reviewNote), profile.reviewedAt, profile.reviewerId, profile.id
+        ),
+        auditOperation(log)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async reviewRegistration(registration, log) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `UPDATE registrations SET status = ?, payment_status = ?, reviewed_at = ?, review_note = ? WHERE id = ?`,
+          registration.status, registration.paymentStatus, registration.reviewedAt,
+          optional(registration.reviewNote), registration.id
+        ),
+        auditOperation(log)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async createAdmitCard(registrationId, admitCard, log) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `INSERT INTO admit_cards (
+            registration_id, card_number, test_center, room, seat, generated_at
+          ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+          registrationId, admitCard.number, admitCard.testCenter, admitCard.room, admitCard.seat, admitCard.generatedAt
+        ),
+        auditOperation(log)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async createExam(exam, log) {
+      const operations = [operation(
+        `INSERT INTO exams (
+          id, code, name, description, registration_start, registration_end, exam_start, exam_end,
+          admit_download_start, admit_download_end, location, status, created_at
+        ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+        exam.id, exam.code, exam.name, exam.description || '', exam.registrationStart, exam.registrationEnd,
+        exam.examStart, exam.examEnd, exam.admitDownloadStart, exam.admitDownloadEnd,
+        exam.location || '', exam.status, exam.createdAt
+      )];
+      exam.subjects.forEach((subject, index) => operations.push(operation(
+        `INSERT INTO exam_subjects (
+          id, exam_id, name, subject_date, start_time, end_time, fee, position
+        ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+        subject.id, exam.id, subject.name, subject.date || String(exam.examStart).slice(0, 10),
+        subject.start || '', subject.end || '', Number(subject.fee || 0), Number(subject.order || index + 1)
+      )));
+      operations.push(auditOperation(log));
+      await transaction(operations);
+    },
+    async updateExam(exam, log) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `UPDATE exams SET
+            code = ?, name = ?, description = ?, registration_start = ?, registration_end = ?,
+            exam_start = ?, exam_end = ?, admit_download_start = ?, admit_download_end = ?,
+            location = ?, status = ? WHERE id = ?`,
+          exam.code, exam.name, exam.description || '', exam.registrationStart, exam.registrationEnd,
+          exam.examStart, exam.examEnd, exam.admitDownloadStart, exam.admitDownloadEnd,
+          exam.location || '', exam.status, exam.id
+        ),
+        auditOperation(log)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async createNotice(notice, log) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `INSERT INTO notices (
+            id, title, summary, content, category, pinned, status, publish_at, created_at, author
+          ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+          notice.id, notice.title, notice.summary, notice.content, notice.category, notice.pinned ? 1 : 0,
+          notice.status, optional(notice.publishAt), optional(notice.createdAt), notice.author
+        ),
+        auditOperation(log)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async updateNotice(notice, log) {
+      await transaction([
+        operation(
+          `UPDATE notices SET title = ?, summary = ?, content = ?, category = ?, pinned = ?, status = ?, publish_at = ? WHERE id = ?`,
+          notice.title, notice.summary, notice.content, notice.category, notice.pinned ? 1 : 0,
+          notice.status, optional(notice.publishAt), notice.id
+        ),
+        auditOperation(log)
+      ]);
+    },
+    async saveResult(result, isNew, log) {
+      const resultOperation = isNew
+        ? operation(
+            `INSERT INTO results (
+              id, registration_id, subject_id, score, grade, published, updated_at, published_at
+            ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+            result.id, result.registrationId, result.subjectId, result.score, result.grade,
+            result.published ? 1 : 0, optional(result.updatedAt), optional(result.publishedAt)
+          )
+        : operation(
+            `UPDATE results SET score = ?, grade = ?, published = ?, updated_at = ?, published_at = ? WHERE id = ?`,
+            result.score, result.grade, result.published ? 1 : 0,
+            optional(result.updatedAt), optional(result.publishedAt), result.id
+          );
+      await transaction([resultOperation, auditOperation(log)]);
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+async function createSqliteStore({ path, seed }) {
+  const { DatabaseSync } = await import('node:sqlite');
+  await mkdir(dirname(path), { recursive: true });
+
+  const connection = new DatabaseSync(path, { timeout: 5000 });
+  connection.exec('PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL;');
+  connection.exec('PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL;');
+  connection.exec(sqliteSchema);
+
+  if (!connection.prepare('SELECT id FROM schema_metadata WHERE id = 1').get()) {
+    const initialState = seed();
+    connection.exec('BEGIN IMMEDIATE');
+    try {
+      connection.prepare(`
+        INSERT INTO schema_metadata (id, schema_version, app_version, created_at)
+        VALUES (1, 1, ?, ?)
+      `).run(Number(initialState.meta?.version || 1), initialState.meta?.createdAt || new Date().toISOString());
+      for (const item of buildSeedOperations(initialState)) connection.prepare(item.sql).run(...item.params);
+      connection.exec('COMMIT');
+    } catch (error) {
+      connection.exec('ROLLBACK');
+      connection.close();
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const transaction = async operations => {
+    connection.exec('BEGIN IMMEDIATE');
+    try {
+      for (const item of operations) connection.prepare(item.sql).run(...item.params);
+      connection.exec('COMMIT');
+    } catch (error) {
+      connection.exec('ROLLBACK');
+      throw error;
+    }
+  };
+  return createRepository({
+    client: 'sqlite',
+    location: path,
+    read: async () => stateFromRows(readSqliteRows(connection)),
+    transaction,
+    close: async () => connection.close()
+  });
+}
+
+async function createMysqlStore({ seed }) {
+  const { default: mysql } = await import('mysql2/promise');
+  const connectionUrl = process.env.DATABASE_URL;
+  const database = process.env.MYSQL_DATABASE;
+
+  if (!connectionUrl && (!process.env.MYSQL_HOST || !process.env.MYSQL_USER || !database)) {
+    throw new Error('MySQL 配置不完整：请设置 DATABASE_URL，或 MYSQL_HOST、MYSQL_USER、MYSQL_DATABASE');
+  }
+
+  const pool = connectionUrl
+    ? mysql.createPool(connectionUrl)
+    : mysql.createPool({
+        host: process.env.MYSQL_HOST,
+        port: Number(process.env.MYSQL_PORT || 3306),
+        user: process.env.MYSQL_USER,
+        password: process.env.MYSQL_PASSWORD || '',
+        database,
+        waitForConnections: true,
+        connectionLimit: Number(process.env.MYSQL_CONNECTION_LIMIT || 10),
+        charset: 'utf8mb4',
+        timezone: 'Z',
+        enableKeepAlive: true
+      });
+
+  for (const statement of mysqlSchema) await pool.execute(statement);
+  const [existing] = await pool.execute('SELECT id FROM schema_metadata WHERE id = 1');
+  if (!existing.length) {
+    const initialState = seed();
+    const connection = await pool.getConnection();
+    try {
+      await connection.beginTransaction();
+      const [insert] = await connection.execute(`
+        INSERT IGNORE INTO schema_metadata (id, schema_version, app_version, created_at)
+        VALUES (1, 1, ?, ?)
+      `, [Number(initialState.meta?.version || 1), initialState.meta?.createdAt || new Date().toISOString()]);
+      if (insert.affectedRows === 1) {
+        for (const item of buildSeedOperations(initialState)) await connection.execute(item.sql, item.params);
+      }
+      await connection.commit();
+    } catch (error) {
+      await connection.rollback();
+      throw error;
+    } finally {
+      connection.release();
+    }
+  }
+
+  const transaction = async operations => {
+    const connection = await pool.getConnection();
+    try {
+      await connection.beginTransaction();
+      for (const item of operations) await connection.execute(item.sql, item.params);
+      await connection.commit();
+    } catch (error) {
+      await connection.rollback();
+      throw error;
+    } finally {
+      connection.release();
+    }
+  };
+  const read = async () => {
+    const connection = await pool.getConnection();
+    try {
+      await connection.beginTransaction();
+      const state = stateFromRows(await readMysqlRows(connection));
+      await connection.commit();
+      return state;
+    } catch (error) {
+      await connection.rollback();
+      throw error;
+    } finally {
+      connection.release();
+    }
+  };
+  return createRepository({
+    client: 'mysql',
+    location: connectionUrl ? 'DATABASE_URL' : `${process.env.MYSQL_HOST}:${process.env.MYSQL_PORT || 3306}/${database}`,
+    read,
+    transaction,
+    close: async () => pool.end()
+  });
+}
+
+export async function createDatabase({ root, seed }) {
+  const client = String(process.env.DATABASE_CLIENT || (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' ? 'mysql' : 'sqlite')).toLowerCase();
+  if (!['sqlite', 'mysql'].includes(client)) {
+    throw new Error(`不支持的 DATABASE_CLIENT：${client}（可选 sqlite 或 mysql）`);
+  }
+
+  if (client === 'mysql') return createMysqlStore({ seed });
+
+  const path = resolve(process.env.SQLITE_PATH || join(root, 'data', 'exam.sqlite'));
+  return createSqliteStore({ path, seed });
+}
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5463f63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+{
+  "name": "hengzhun-exam-system",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "hengzhun-exam-system",
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "mysql2": "^3.14.2"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=22.5"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@types/node": {
+      "version": "26.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/node/-/node-26.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-nxAkRSVkN1Y0JC1W8ky/fTfkGsMmcrRsbx+3XoZE+rMOX71kLYTV7fLXpqud1GpbpP5TuffXFqfX7fH2GgZREw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "undici-types": "~8.3.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/aws-ssl-profiles": {
+      "version": "1.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/aws-ssl-profiles/-/aws-ssl-profiles-1.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-NZKeq9AfyQvEeNlN0zSYAaWrmBffJh3IELMZfRpJVWgrpEbtEpnjvzqBPf+mxoI287JohRDoa+/nsfqqiZmF6g==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 6.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/denque": {
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/denque/-/denque-2.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-HVQE3AAb/pxF8fQAoiqpvg9i3evqug3hoiwakOyZAwJm+6vZehbkYXZ0l4JxS+I3QxM97v5aaRNhj8v5oBhekw==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.10"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/generate-function": {
+      "version": "2.3.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/generate-function/-/generate-function-2.3.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-eeB5GfMNeevm/GRYq20ShmsaGcmI81kIX2K9XQx5miC8KdHaC6Jm0qQ8ZNeGOi7wYB8OsdxKs+Y2oVuTFuVwKQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "is-property": "^1.0.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/iconv-lite": {
+      "version": "0.7.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/iconv-lite/-/iconv-lite-0.7.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-IKXpvIzjnC9XTAUbVBcMfGS0EPaIXtW6v+zr+RRp+hqULEpo0owZax6wyRwPOJbWbzjYspQwusTsfVr0ifh4uQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "safer-buffer": ">= 2.1.2 < 3.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.10.0"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "type": "opencollective",
+        "url": "https://opencollective.com/express"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/is-property": {
+      "version": "1.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-property/-/is-property-1.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Ks/IoX00TtClbGQr4TWXemAnktAQvYB7HzcCxDGqEZU6oCmb2INHuOoKxbtR+HFkmYWBKv/dOZtGRiAjDhj92g==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/long": {
+      "version": "5.3.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/long/-/long-5.3.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-mNAgZ1GmyNhD7AuqnTG3/VQ26o760+ZYBPKjPvugO8+nLbYfX6TVpJPseBvopbdY+qpZ/lKUnmEc1LeZYS3QAA==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0"
+    },
+    "node_modules/lru.min": {
+      "version": "1.1.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lru.min/-/lru.min-1.1.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-DqC6n3QQ77zdFpCMASA1a3Jlb64Hv2N2DciFGkO/4L9+q/IpIAuRlKOvCXabtRW6cQf8usbmM6BE/TOPysCdIA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "bun": ">=1.0.0",
+        "deno": ">=1.30.0",
+        "node": ">=8.0.0"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "type": "github",
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/wellwelwel"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/mysql2": {
+      "version": "3.23.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/mysql2/-/mysql2-3.23.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-tTuRnC7qCet2IOfSNMYZ5SwXuBnfvBPAcIA28P0gtruXyZlU1LMxA6uha32kYypoFgyYklMqhLWwt4laYwXR/Q==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "aws-ssl-profiles": "^1.1.2",
+        "denque": "^2.1.0",
+        "generate-function": "^2.3.1",
+        "iconv-lite": "^0.7.2",
+        "long": "^5.3.2",
+        "lru.min": "^1.1.4",
+        "named-placeholders": "^1.1.6",
+        "sql-escaper": "^1.5.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 8.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@types/node": ">= 8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/named-placeholders": {
+      "version": "1.1.6",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/named-placeholders/-/named-placeholders-1.1.6.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Tz09sEL2EEuv5fFowm419c1+a/jSMiBjI9gHxVLrVdbUkkNUUfjsVYs9pVZu5oCon/kmRh9TfLEObFtkVxmY0w==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "lru.min": "^1.1.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/safer-buffer": {
+      "version": "2.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/safer-buffer/-/safer-buffer-2.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-YZo3K82SD7Riyi0E1EQPojLz7kpepnSQI9IyPbHHg1XXXevb5dJI7tpyN2ADxGcQbHG7vcyRHk0cbwqcQriUtg==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/sql-escaper": {
+      "version": "1.5.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/sql-escaper/-/sql-escaper-1.5.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4toX5E1fQbBrpfXidaHnF0669nkAdETeIPTs2SUjxxD7RRIs9ICG4gtpmfc68JCEKehsdwLFqBu9VlQqZ1P1gg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "bun": ">=1.0.0",
+        "deno": ">=2.0.0",
+        "node": ">=12.0.0"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "type": "github",
+        "url": "https://github.com/mysqljs/sql-escaper?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/undici-types": {
+      "version": "8.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-8.3.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-j375ScV60dom+YkPFIfTLcOiPxkN/buHz5GobjLhixFuANaNs3C9l4GmrWqejgXWJ7BbJcFYpTEUkS1Ge8bpZQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "peer": true
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index bbba093..ad88aa9 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@
     "start": "node server.mjs",
     "test": "node tests/system.test.mjs"
   },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "mysql2": "^3.14.2"
+  },
   "engines": {
-    "node": ">=18"
+    "node": ">=22.5"
   }
 }
diff --git a/server.mjs b/server.mjs
index 1ee6483..11c4456 100644
--- a/server.mjs
+++ b/server.mjs
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import { createServer } from 'node:http';
-import { readFile, writeFile, mkdir, access } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { extname, join, normalize, resolve } from 'node:path';
 import { randomBytes, pbkdf2Sync, timingSafeEqual } from 'node:crypto';
+import { createDatabase } from './database.mjs';
 
 const root = resolve(process.cwd());
 const port = Number(process.env.PORT || 4173);
-const dbPath = resolve(process.env.EXAM_DB_PATH || join(root, 'data', 'db.json'));
+const host = process.env.HOST || '127.0.0.1';
 const sessions = new Map();
 const staticFiles = new Set(['/index.html', '/styles.css', '/app.js']);
 const mimeTypes = {
@@ -108,24 +109,8 @@ function seedDatabase() {
   };
 }
 
-async function ensureDatabase() {
-  try {
-    await access(dbPath);
-  } catch {
-    await mkdir(resolve(dbPath, '..'), { recursive: true });
-    await writeFile(dbPath, JSON.stringify(seedDatabase(), null, 2), 'utf8');
-  }
-}
-
-async function readDb() {
-  await ensureDatabase();
-  return JSON.parse(await readFile(dbPath, 'utf8'));
-}
-
-async function writeDb(db) {
-  await mkdir(resolve(dbPath, '..'), { recursive: true });
-  await writeFile(dbPath, JSON.stringify(db, null, 2), 'utf8');
-}
+const database = await createDatabase({ root, seed: seedDatabase });
+const readDb = () => database.read();
 
 function sendJson(response, status, payload, headers = {}) {
   response.writeHead(status, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8', 'Cache-Control': 'no-store', ...headers });
@@ -213,8 +198,10 @@ function examRegistrationView(db, registration) {
 }
 
 function logAction(db, user, action, detail) {
-  db.auditLogs.unshift({ id: uid('log'), actorId: user.id, actorName: user.displayName, action, detail, createdAt: nowIso() });
+  const log = { id: uid('log'), actorId: user.id, actorName: user.displayName, action, detail, createdAt: nowIso() };
+  db.auditLogs.unshift(log);
   db.auditLogs = db.auditLogs.slice(0, 200);
+  return log;
 }
 
 function escapeHtml(value) {
@@ -265,9 +252,7 @@ async function handleAuth(request, response, pathname) {
     if (db.candidateProfiles.some(profile => profile.idNumber === idNumber)) return sendError(response, 409, '该证件号码已注册');
     const user = { id: uid('usr'), username, passwordHash: hashPassword(password), role: 'candidate', displayName: name, createdAt: nowIso() };
     const profile = { id: uid('profile'), userId: user.id, name, idNumber, phone, gender: cleanText(body.gender, 10), email: cleanText(body.email, 80), school: cleanText(body.school, 80), grade: cleanText(body.grade, 50), address: '', emergencyContact: '', emergencyPhone: '', status: 'pending', reviewNote: '', updatedAt: nowIso() };
-    db.users.push(user);
-    db.candidateProfiles.push(profile);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    await database.createCandidate(user, profile);
     return sendJson(response, 201, { ok: true, message: '注册成功，请等待管理员审核资料' });
   }
   if (request.method === 'POST' && pathname === '/api/auth/login') {
@@ -310,9 +295,7 @@ async function handleCandidate(request, response, pathname) {
     profile.status = 'pending';
     profile.reviewNote = '';
     profile.updatedAt = nowIso();
-    const persistedUser = db.users.find(item => item.id === user.id);
-    if (persistedUser) persistedUser.displayName = profile.name;
-    await writeDb(db);
+    await database.updateCandidateProfile(profile, profile.name);
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, profile, message: '资料已提交，等待管理员复核' });
   }
   if (request.method === 'GET' && pathname === '/api/candidate/exams') {
@@ -334,8 +317,7 @@ async function handleCandidate(request, response, pathname) {
     const subjectIds = [...new Set(Array.isArray(body.subjectIds) ? body.subjectIds : [])];
     if (!subjectIds.length || subjectIds.some(id => !exam.subjects.some(subject => subject.id === id))) return sendError(response, 400, '请选择有效的报考科目');
     const registration = { id: uid('reg'), userId: user.id, examId: exam.id, subjectIds, status: 'pending', paymentStatus: 'unpaid', createdAt: nowIso(), admitCard: null };
-    db.registrations.push(registration);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    await database.createRegistration(registration);
     return sendJson(response, 201, { ok: true, registration: examRegistrationView(db, registration), message: '考试报名已提交' });
   }
   if (request.method === 'GET' && pathname === '/api/candidate/results') {
@@ -390,8 +372,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     profile.reviewNote = cleanText(body.reviewNote, 300);
     profile.reviewedAt = nowIso();
     profile.reviewerId = user.id;
-    logAction(db, user, body.status === 'approved' ? '通过考生资料' : '退回考生资料', `${profile.name}：${profile.reviewNote || '无备注'}`);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, body.status === 'approved' ? '通过考生资料' : '退回考生资料', `${profile.name}：${profile.reviewNote || '无备注'}`);
+    await database.reviewCandidate(profile, log);
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, profile });
   }
   if (request.method === 'GET' && pathname === '/api/admin/registrations') {
@@ -412,8 +394,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     registration.reviewedAt = nowIso();
     if (body.status === 'approved') registration.paymentStatus = 'paid';
     const profile = db.candidateProfiles.find(item => item.userId === registration.userId);
-    logAction(db, user, body.status === 'approved' ? '通过考试报名' : '退回考试报名', `${profile?.name || registration.userId} · ${db.exams.find(item => item.id === registration.examId)?.name}`);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, body.status === 'approved' ? '通过考试报名' : '退回考试报名', `${profile?.name || registration.userId} · ${db.exams.find(item => item.id === registration.examId)?.name}`);
+    await database.reviewRegistration(registration, log);
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, registration });
   }
   const admitMatch = pathname.match(/^\/api\/admin\/registrations\/([^/]+)\/admit-card$/);
@@ -425,15 +407,15 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
       const exam = db.exams.find(item => item.id === registration.examId);
       const sequence = String(db.registrations.filter(item => item.examId === exam.id && item.admitCard).length + 1).padStart(4, '0');
       registration.admitCard = {
-        number: `${exam.code.replace(/\D/g, '').slice(-4) || '2026'}-${sequence}`,
+        number: `${exam.code.replace(/[^a-z0-9]/gi, '').toUpperCase().slice(-12) || String(new Date().getFullYear())}-${sequence}`,
         testCenter: cleanText((await readJson(request)).testCenter || '海州市第一中学', 80),
         room: `0${Math.ceil(Number(sequence) / 30) || 1} 考场`,
         seat: String(((Number(sequence) - 1) % 30) + 1).padStart(2, '0'),
         generatedAt: nowIso()
       };
       const profile = db.candidateProfiles.find(item => item.userId === registration.userId);
-      logAction(db, user, '生成准考证', `${profile?.name || registration.userId} · ${registration.admitCard.number}`);
-      await writeDb(db);
+      const log = logAction(db, user, '生成准考证', `${profile?.name || registration.userId} · ${registration.admitCard.number}`);
+      await database.createAdmitCard(registration.id, registration.admitCard, log);
     }
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, admitCard: registration.admitCard });
   }
@@ -446,9 +428,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     const subjects = subjectNames.map(name => cleanText(typeof name === 'string' ? name : name.name, 30)).filter(Boolean).map((name, index) => ({ id: uid('sub'), name, date: cleanText(body.examStart, 10), start: '09:00', end: '11:00', fee: 0, order: index + 1 }));
     if (!subjects.length) return sendError(response, 400, '请至少添加一个考试科目');
     const exam = { id: uid('exam'), code: cleanText(body.code, 30) || `EX-${new Date().getFullYear()}-${String(db.exams.length + 1).padStart(2, '0')}`, name, description: cleanText(body.description, 500), registrationStart: body.registrationStart, registrationEnd: body.registrationEnd, examStart: body.examStart, examEnd: body.examEnd, admitDownloadStart: body.admitDownloadStart || body.registrationEnd, admitDownloadEnd: body.admitDownloadEnd || body.examStart, location: cleanText(body.location, 100), status: body.status === 'published' ? 'published' : 'draft', subjects, createdAt: nowIso() };
-    db.exams.push(exam);
-    logAction(db, user, '创建考试', `${exam.name} · ${subjects.length} 个科目`);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, '创建考试', `${exam.name} · ${subjects.length} 个科目`);
+    await database.createExam(exam, log);
     return sendJson(response, 201, { ok: true, exam });
   }
   const examMatch = pathname.match(/^\/api\/admin\/exams\/([^/]+)$/);
@@ -458,8 +439,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     if (!exam) return sendError(response, 404, '考试不存在');
     if (body.status && ['draft', 'published', 'closed'].includes(body.status)) exam.status = body.status;
     ['name', 'description', 'location', 'registrationStart', 'registrationEnd', 'examStart', 'examEnd', 'admitDownloadStart', 'admitDownloadEnd'].forEach(field => { if (body[field] != null) exam[field] = cleanText(body[field], 500); });
-    logAction(db, user, '更新考试', `${exam.name} · 状态 ${exam.status}`);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, '更新考试', `${exam.name} · 状态 ${exam.status}`);
+    await database.updateExam(exam, log);
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, exam });
   }
   if (request.method === 'GET' && pathname === '/api/admin/notices') return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, notices: db.notices.sort((a, b) => new Date(b.publishAt || b.createdAt) - new Date(a.publishAt || a.createdAt)) });
@@ -469,9 +450,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     const content = cleanText(body.content, 5000);
     if (!title || !content) return sendError(response, 400, '通知标题和正文不能为空');
     const notice = { id: uid('notice'), title, summary: cleanText(body.summary, 260) || content.slice(0, 80), content, category: cleanText(body.category, 30) || '通知公告', pinned: Boolean(body.pinned), status: body.status === 'draft' ? 'draft' : 'published', publishAt: body.status === 'draft' ? null : nowIso(), createdAt: nowIso(), author: user.displayName };
-    db.notices.push(notice);
-    logAction(db, user, notice.status === 'published' ? '发布通知' : '保存通知草稿', notice.title);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, notice.status === 'published' ? '发布通知' : '保存通知草稿', notice.title);
+    await database.createNotice(notice, log);
     return sendJson(response, 201, { ok: true, notice });
   }
   const noticeMatch = pathname.match(/^\/api\/admin\/notices\/([^/]+)$/);
@@ -485,8 +465,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
       notice.status = body.status;
       if (body.status === 'published' && !notice.publishAt) notice.publishAt = nowIso();
     }
-    logAction(db, user, '更新通知', `${notice.title} · ${notice.status}`);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, '更新通知', `${notice.title} · ${notice.status}`);
+    await database.updateNotice(notice, log);
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, notice });
   }
   if (request.method === 'GET' && pathname === '/api/admin/results') {
@@ -508,6 +488,7 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     const score = Number(body.score);
     if (!Number.isFinite(score) || score < 0 || score > 150) return sendError(response, 400, '成绩必须在 0—150 之间');
     let result = db.results.find(item => item.registrationId === registration.id && item.subjectId === body.subjectId);
+    const isNew = !result;
     if (!result) {
       result = { id: uid('result'), registrationId: registration.id, subjectId: body.subjectId };
       db.results.push(result);
@@ -515,8 +496,8 @@ async function handleAdmin(request, response, pathname) {
     Object.assign(result, { score, grade: cleanText(body.grade, 10) || (score >= 135 ? 'A+' : score >= 120 ? 'A' : score >= 105 ? 'B+' : score >= 90 ? 'B' : score >= 60 ? 'C' : 'D'), published: Boolean(body.published), updatedAt: nowIso(), publishedAt: body.published ? nowIso() : null });
     const profile = db.candidateProfiles.find(item => item.userId === registration.userId);
     const subject = exam.subjects.find(item => item.id === body.subjectId);
-    logAction(db, user, body.published ? '发布成绩' : '保存成绩', `${profile?.name} · ${subject?.name} · ${score}`);
-    await writeDb(db);
+    const log = logAction(db, user, body.published ? '发布成绩' : '保存成绩', `${profile?.name} · ${subject?.name} · ${score}`);
+    await database.saveResult(result, isNew, log);
     return sendJson(response, 200, { ok: true, result });
   }
   return sendError(response, 404, '管理功能接口不存在');
@@ -554,7 +535,18 @@ const server = createServer(async (request, response) => {
   }
 });
 
-await ensureDatabase();
-server.listen(port, '127.0.0.1', () => {
-  console.log(`衡准考试信息管理系统：http://127.0.0.1:${port}`);
+server.listen(port, host, () => {
+  console.log(`衡准考试信息管理系统：http://${host}:${port}`);
+  console.log(`数据库：${database.client}（${database.location}）`);
 });
+
+async function shutdown(signal) {
+  console.log(`收到 ${signal}，正在关闭服务...`);
+  server.close(async () => {
+    await database.close();
+    process.exit(0);
+  });
+}
+
+process.once('SIGINT', () => shutdown('SIGINT'));
+process.once('SIGTERM', () => shutdown('SIGTERM'));
diff --git a/tests/system.test.mjs b/tests/system.test.mjs
index 112a340..a82f208 100644
--- a/tests/system.test.mjs
+++ b/tests/system.test.mjs
@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 import { spawn } from 'node:child_process';
-import { rm } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { readFile, rm } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { resolve } from 'node:path';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { relationalTables } from '../database.mjs';
 
 const root = resolve(process.cwd());
 const port = 4182;
 const baseUrl = `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`;
-const testDb = resolve(root, 'data', 'test-db.json');
+const testDb = resolve(root, 'data', 'test-db.sqlite');
 await rm(testDb, { force: true });
+await rm(`${testDb}-shm`, { force: true });
+await rm(`${testDb}-wal`, { force: true });
 
 const server = spawn(process.execPath, ['server.mjs'], {
   cwd: root,
-  env: { ...process.env, PORT: String(port), EXAM_DB_PATH: testDb },
+  env: { ...process.env, NODE_ENV: 'test', DATABASE_CLIENT: 'sqlite', PORT: String(port), SQLITE_PATH: testDb },
   stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe']
 });
 
@@ -54,6 +57,19 @@ const anonymous = createClient();
 try {
   await waitForServer();
 
+  const sqliteFile = await readFile(testDb);
+  assert.equal(sqliteFile.subarray(0, 16).toString(), 'SQLite format 3\0', '测试持久化文件必须是真实 SQLite 数据库');
+  const { DatabaseSync } = await import('node:sqlite');
+  const inspector = new DatabaseSync(testDb, { readOnly: true });
+  const tableNames = inspector.prepare(`
+    SELECT name FROM sqlite_master
+    WHERE type = 'table' AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%'
+    ORDER BY name
+  `).all().map(row => row.name);
+  inspector.close();
+  assert.deepEqual(tableNames, [...relationalTables].sort(), '业务数据必须按关系模型分表存储');
+  assert.ok(!tableNames.includes('app_state'), '不得使用单表 JSON 状态存储');
+
   const publicHome = await anonymous.request('/api/public/home');
   assert.equal(publicHome.response.status, 200);
   assert.ok(publicHome.data.notices.length >= 3, '公开首页应返回通知');
@@ -164,6 +180,7 @@ try {
   assert.ok(results.data.results.some(item => item.score === 126 && item.subjectName === '语文'), '已发布成绩应在考生端可查询');
 
   console.log('✓ 公开首页与通知读取');
+  console.log(`✓ SQLite 关系型数据库初始化（${relationalTables.length} 张分表）`);
   console.log('✓ 考生自主注册、完整资料维护与管理员审核');
   console.log('✓ 多科目考试创建与考生自主选科报名');
   console.log('✓ 报名审核、准考证生成、开放期下载与窗口限制');
@@ -173,4 +190,6 @@ try {
   server.kill('SIGTERM');
   await new Promise(resolveWait => server.once('exit', resolveWait));
   await rm(testDb, { force: true });
+  await rm(`${testDb}-shm`, { force: true });
+  await rm(`${testDb}-wal`, { force: true });
 }