实验批量发布现在会创建持久化后台任务，不再在 HTTP 请求里逐项校验和通知。

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/ExperimentsController.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 using System.Data;
+using System.Text.Json;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Identity;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.System;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Auth;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Experiments;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
@@ -706,38 +708,33 @@ public sealed class ExperimentsController(
     {
         var ids = ValidateBulkProjectIds(request.ProjectIds);
         if (ids is null) return ValidationProblem("请选择 1 至 100 个实验项目。");
-        var projects = await ScopedProjects()
-            .Include(x => x.Sessions)
-            .Include(x => x.TeachingTask)
-            .ThenInclude(x => x!.Course)
-            .Where(x => ids.Contains(x.Id))
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
-        if (projects.Count != ids.Count) return NotFound();
-
-        foreach (var project in projects)
+        if (await ScopedProjects().CountAsync(x => ids.Contains(x.Id), cancellationToken) != ids.Count)
+            return NotFound();
+        var userId = currentUserDataScope.Current.UserId;
+        var job = new ExamPublishJob
         {
-            if (project.Status != ExperimentProjectStatus.Draft)
-                return ConflictProblem("批量发布只能包含草稿实验项目。");
-            var hasSchedule = project.ArrangementMode == ExperimentArrangementMode.Centralized
-                ? project.ScheduleEntryId.HasValue || project.Sessions.Any(x => x.Status == ExperimentSessionStatus.Scheduled)
-                : project.Sessions.Any(x => x.Status == ExperimentSessionStatus.Scheduled);
-            if (!hasSchedule)
-                return ConflictProblem($"“{project.Name}”尚未具备发布条件。");
-            if (project.Sessions.Any(x => x.Status == ExperimentSessionStatus.Scheduled &&
-                (x.SessionDate < project.StartDate || x.SessionDate > project.EndDate)))
-                return ConflictProblem($"“{project.Name}”存在不在开放日期范围内的实验场次。");
-        }
-
-        var publishedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
-        foreach (var project in projects)
-        {
-            project.Status = ExperimentProjectStatus.Published;
-            project.PublishedAt = publishedAt;
-        }
+            Kind = ExamPublishJobKind.ExperimentProjects,
+            PlanId = ids[0],
+            RequestedByUserId = userId == Guid.Empty ? null : userId,
+            ProjectIdsJson = JsonSerializer.Serialize(ids),
+            CurrentStep = "等待后台校验"
+        };
+        db.ExamPublishJobs.Add(job);
+        db.BackgroundJobOutboxMessages.Add(BackgroundJobOutboxMessage.Create(
+            BackgroundJobKind.ExamPublish, job.Id));
         await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
-        foreach (var project in projects)
-            await NotifyProjectPublishedAsync(project, cancellationToken);
-        return NoContent();
+        return Accepted(new { JobId = job.Id, Status = job.Status, Message = "实验项目发布任务已提交。" });
+    }
+
+    [HttpGet("batch/publish-jobs/{jobId:guid}")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = Managers)]
+    public async Task<ActionResult> GetPublishJob(Guid jobId, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var job = await db.ExamPublishJobs.AsNoTracking().FirstOrDefaultAsync(x =>
+            x.Id == jobId && x.Kind == ExamPublishJobKind.ExperimentProjects,
+            cancellationToken);
+        if (job is null) return NotFound();
+        return Ok(new { job.Id, job.Status, job.CurrentStep, job.ErrorMessage, job.StartedAt, job.CompletedAt });
     }
 
     [HttpPost("{id:guid}/close")]