课程库 Excel 导入导出已完成：

支持下载标准导入模板。
导出严格沿用当前关键词、学院、分类、课程性质和状态筛选。
以课程编码为唯一键：存在则更新，不存在则新增。
校验学院编码、课程分类、课程性质、学分学时及考核方式。
整批原子导入，任一行错误则全部不写入，并提示具体行号。
学院管理员仍只能维护本学院的专业课和实践课，无法借 Excel 越权。
界面入口沿用现有课程库工具栏样式。

scripts/smoke-test.ps1

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ else {
 }
 $stdoutPath = Join-Path $env:TEMP 'jiaowu-api-smoke.out.log'
 $stderrPath = Join-Path $env:TEMP 'jiaowu-api-smoke.err.log'
+$courseExcelToken = [guid]::NewGuid().ToString('N')
+$courseTemplatePath = Join-Path $env:TEMP "jiaowu-course-template-$courseExcelToken.xlsx"
+$courseExportPath = Join-Path $env:TEMP "jiaowu-course-export-$courseExcelToken.xlsx"
 $env:ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT = 'Development'
 $env:ASPNETCORE_URLS = 'http://localhost:5255'
 $startParameters = @{
@@ -78,6 +81,37 @@ try {
     $teachers = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/personnel/teachers?page=1&pageSize=10' -Headers $headers
     $students = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/personnel/students?page=1&pageSize=10' -Headers $headers
     $courses = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/courses?page=1&pageSize=10' -Headers $headers
+    $courseCategories = Invoke-RestMethod `
+        -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/base-data/course-categories' `
+        -Headers $headers
+    if (@($courseCategories).Count -lt 10 -or
+        @($courses.items | Where-Object { $null -eq $_.courseCategoryId }).Count -gt 0) {
+        throw 'Course categories were not seeded or assigned to all courses.'
+    }
+    Invoke-WebRequest `
+        -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/courses/template' `
+        -Headers $headers `
+        -OutFile $courseTemplatePath |
+        Out-Null
+    Invoke-WebRequest `
+        -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/courses/export' `
+        -Headers $headers `
+        -OutFile $courseExportPath |
+        Out-Null
+    if ((Get-Item -LiteralPath $courseTemplatePath).Length -lt 1 -or
+        (Get-Item -LiteralPath $courseExportPath).Length -lt 1) {
+        throw 'Course Excel template or export is empty.'
+    }
+    $courseImport = Invoke-RestMethod `
+        -Method Post `
+        -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/courses/import' `
+        -Headers $headers `
+        -Form @{ file = Get-Item -LiteralPath $courseExportPath }
+    if ($courseImport.created -ne 0 -or
+        $courseImport.updated -ne $courses.total -or
+        $courseImport.total -ne $courses.total) {
+        throw 'Course Excel round-trip did not update the expected records.'
+    }
     $curriculumPlans = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri 'http://localhost:5255/api/curriculum-plans?page=1&pageSize=10' -Headers $headers
     if ($curriculumPlans.total -gt 0) {
         $curriculumDetail = Invoke-RestMethod `
@@ -757,6 +791,8 @@ try {
         Teachers     = $teachers.total
         Students     = $students.total
         Courses      = $courses.total
+        CourseCategories = @($courseCategories).Count
+        CourseExcelRows = $courseImport.total
         Plans        = $curriculumPlans.total
         PlanModules  = if ($null -ne $curriculumDetail) { @($curriculumDetail.modules).Count } else { 0 }
         TeachingTasks = $teachingTasks.total
@@ -790,4 +826,6 @@ finally {
     if (-not $process.HasExited) {
         Stop-Process -Id $process.Id -Force
     }
+    Remove-Item -LiteralPath $courseTemplatePath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+    Remove-Item -LiteralPath $courseExportPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
 }

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/BaseDataController.cs

@@ -120,6 +120,44 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
             })
             .ToListAsync(cancellationToken));
 
+    [HttpGet("course-categories")]
+    public async Task<ActionResult<IReadOnlyCollection<CourseCategory>>> GetCourseCategories(
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
+        await db.CourseCategories.AsNoTracking()
+            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder)
+            .ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
+
+    [HttpPost("course-categories")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
+    public async Task<ActionResult<CourseCategory>> CreateCourseCategory(
+        CatalogRequest request,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var entity = new CourseCategory
+        {
+            Code = request.Code.Trim(),
+            Name = request.Name.Trim(),
+            SortOrder = request.SortOrder,
+            IsEnabled = request.IsEnabled
+        };
+        return await CreateAsync(entity, nameof(GetCourseCategories), cancellationToken);
+    }
+
+    [HttpPut("course-categories/{id:guid}")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
+    public async Task<ActionResult<CourseCategory>> UpdateCourseCategory(
+        Guid id,
+        CatalogRequest request,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var entity = await db.CourseCategories.FindAsync([id], cancellationToken);
+        if (entity is null) return NotFound();
+        ApplyCatalog(entity, request);
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        return entity;
+    }
+
     [HttpPost("majors")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
     public async Task<ActionResult<Major>> CreateMajor(
@@ -403,6 +441,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
             "terms" => await db.AcademicTerms.FindAsync([id], cancellationToken),
             "buildings" => await db.Buildings.FindAsync([id], cancellationToken),
             "classrooms" => await db.Classrooms.FindAsync([id], cancellationToken),
+            "course-categories" => await db.CourseCategories.FindAsync([id], cancellationToken),
             _ => null
         };
 

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/BaseDataExcelController.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ public sealed class BaseDataExcelController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
             ["classes"] = ["编码", "名称", "所属专业编码", "年级", "辅导员工号", "排序", "状态"],
             ["terms"] = ["编码", "名称", "学年", "学期季", "开始日期", "结束日期", "当前学期", "状态"],
             ["buildings"] = ["编码", "名称", "所属校区编码", "排序", "状态"],
-            ["classrooms"] = ["编码", "名称", "所属教学楼编码", "容量", "教室类型", "设备", "排序", "状态"]
+            ["classrooms"] = ["编码", "名称", "所属教学楼编码", "容量", "教室类型", "设备", "排序", "状态"],
+            ["course-categories"] = ["编码", "名称", "排序", "状态"]
         };
 
     [HttpGet("{kind}/template")]
@@ -90,6 +91,8 @@ public sealed class BaseDataExcelController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
                 "terms" => await ImportTermsAsync(rows, errors, cancellationToken),
                 "buildings" => await ImportBuildingsAsync(rows, errors, cancellationToken),
                 "classrooms" => await ImportClassroomsAsync(rows, errors, cancellationToken),
+                "course-categories" => await ImportCourseCategoriesAsync(
+                    rows, errors, cancellationToken),
                 _ => throw new InvalidOperationException()
             };
 
@@ -147,6 +150,10 @@ public sealed class BaseDataExcelController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
                 .OrderBy(x => x.Code).ToListAsync(cancellationToken))
                 .Select(x => Row(x.Code, x.Name, x.Building!.Code, x.Capacity, x.RoomType,
                     x.Equipment, x.SortOrder, Status(x.IsEnabled))).ToList(),
+            "course-categories" => (await db.CourseCategories.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .ToListAsync(cancellationToken))
+                .Select(x => Row(x.Code, x.Name, x.SortOrder, Status(x.IsEnabled))).ToList(),
             _ => []
         };
 
@@ -471,6 +478,36 @@ public sealed class BaseDataExcelController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         return new(created, updated, rows.Count);
     }
 
+    private async Task<ExcelImportResult> ImportCourseCategoriesAsync(
+        IReadOnlyList<ExcelRow> rows,
+        List<string> errors,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var existing = await db.CourseCategories.ToDictionaryAsync(
+            x => x.Code,
+            StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase,
+            cancellationToken);
+        var created = 0;
+        var updated = 0;
+        foreach (var row in rows)
+        {
+            var code = Required(row, "编码", errors);
+            var name = Required(row, "名称", errors);
+            if (code is null || name is null) continue;
+            var entity = existing.GetValueOrDefault(code);
+            if (entity is null)
+            {
+                entity = new CourseCategory { Code = code, Name = name };
+                db.CourseCategories.Add(entity);
+                existing[code] = entity;
+                created++;
+            }
+            else updated++;
+            ApplyCatalog(entity, row, name, errors);
+        }
+        return new(created, updated, rows.Count);
+    }
+
     private ActionResult ImportValidationProblem(IReadOnlyList<string> errors)
     {
         foreach (var error in errors.Take(50))
@@ -582,6 +619,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataExcelController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         "terms" => "学期",
         "buildings" => "教学楼",
         "classrooms" => "教室",
+        "course-categories" => "课程分类",
         _ => "基础数据"
     };
 }

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/CoursesController.cs

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ public sealed class CoursesController(
         int pageSize = 20,
         string? keyword = null,
         Guid? collegeId = null,
+        Guid? categoryId = null,
         CourseNature? nature = null,
         bool? isEnabled = null,
         CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
@@ -42,6 +43,8 @@ public sealed class CoursesController(
         var source = ScopedCourses().AsNoTracking();
         if (collegeId.HasValue)
             source = source.Where(x => x.CollegeId == collegeId.Value);
+        if (categoryId.HasValue)
+            source = source.Where(x => x.CourseCategoryId == categoryId.Value);
         if (nature.HasValue)
             source = source.Where(x => x.Nature == nature.Value);
         if (isEnabled.HasValue)
@@ -69,6 +72,9 @@ public sealed class CoursesController(
                 x.EnglishName,
                 x.CollegeId,
                 CollegeName = x.College!.Name,
+                x.CourseCategoryId,
+                CategoryCode = x.CourseCategory != null ? x.CourseCategory.Code : null,
+                CategoryName = x.CourseCategory != null ? x.CourseCategory.Name : null,
                 x.Credits,
                 x.TotalHours,
                 x.LectureHours,
@@ -106,6 +112,7 @@ public sealed class CoursesController(
             Name = request.Name.Trim(),
             EnglishName = Normalize(request.EnglishName),
             CollegeId = request.CollegeId,
+            CourseCategoryId = request.CourseCategoryId,
             Credits = request.Credits,
             TotalHours = request.TotalHours,
             LectureHours = request.LectureHours,
@@ -137,6 +144,7 @@ public sealed class CoursesController(
         entity.Name = request.Name.Trim();
         entity.EnglishName = Normalize(request.EnglishName);
         entity.CollegeId = request.CollegeId;
+        entity.CourseCategoryId = request.CourseCategoryId;
         entity.Credits = request.Credits;
         entity.TotalHours = request.TotalHours;
         entity.LectureHours = request.LectureHours;
@@ -167,6 +175,10 @@ public sealed class CoursesController(
         if (!CanManage(request.CollegeId, request.Nature)) return Forbid();
         if (!await db.Colleges.AnyAsync(x => x.Id == request.CollegeId, cancellationToken))
             return ValidationProblem("所选学院不存在。");
+        if (!await db.CourseCategories.AnyAsync(
+                x => x.Id == request.CourseCategoryId && x.IsEnabled,
+                cancellationToken))
+            return ValidationProblem("所选课程分类不存在或已停用。");
         if (request.LectureHours + request.PracticeHours > request.TotalHours)
             return ValidationProblem("讲授学时与实践学时之和不能超过总学时。");
         return null;
@@ -242,6 +254,7 @@ public sealed record CourseRequest(
     [Required, MaxLength(100)] string Name,
     [MaxLength(150)] string? EnglishName,
     Guid CollegeId,
+    Guid CourseCategoryId,
     [Range(typeof(decimal), "0.1", "99")] decimal Credits,
     [Range(1, 1000)] int TotalHours,
     [Range(0, 1000)] int LectureHours,

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/CoursesExcelController.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+using System.Globalization;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Identity;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Auth;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Excel;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+
+namespace Jiaowu.Api.Controllers;
+
+[ApiController]
+[Authorize]
+[Route("api/courses")]
+public sealed class CoursesExcelController(
+    AppDbContext db,
+    ICurrentUserDataScope currentUserDataScope) : ControllerBase
+{
+    private const string WriteRoles =
+        SystemRoles.SuperAdmin + "," +
+        SystemRoles.AcademicAdmin + "," +
+        SystemRoles.CollegeAdmin;
+
+    private static readonly string[] Headers =
+    [
+        "课程编码", "课程名称", "英文名称", "开课学院编码", "课程分类编码",
+        "课程性质", "学分", "总学时", "讲授学时", "实践学时",
+        "考核方式", "课程简介", "启用状态", "排序"
+    ];
+
+    [HttpGet("template")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = WriteRoles)]
+    public IActionResult DownloadTemplate()
+    {
+        var bytes = ExcelWorkbookHelper.Create(
+            "课程库导入",
+            Headers,
+            [],
+            [
+                "请勿修改第一行列名；每行填写一门课程，课程编码是全校唯一标识。",
+                "开课学院编码、课程分类编码必须已在系统中存在；课程分类还必须处于启用状态。",
+                "课程性质请填写：通识必修、专业必修、专业选修、通识选修或实践课程。",
+                "考核方式请填写考试或考查；启用状态请填写是或否。",
+                "课程编码已存在时更新课程，不存在时新增课程。",
+                "学院管理员只能维护本学院的专业必修、专业选修和实践课程。",
+                "讲授学时与实践学时之和不能超过总学时；整批任一行有误时均不会写入。"
+            ]);
+        return File(
+            bytes,
+            ExcelWorkbookHelper.ContentType,
+            "课程库导入模板.xlsx");
+    }
+
+    [HttpGet("export")]
+    public async Task<IActionResult> Export(
+        string? keyword = null,
+        Guid? collegeId = null,
+        Guid? categoryId = null,
+        CourseNature? nature = null,
+        bool? isEnabled = null,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
+    {
+        var source = ApplyFilters(
+            ScopedCourses().AsNoTracking(),
+            keyword,
+            collegeId,
+            categoryId,
+            nature,
+            isEnabled);
+        var courses = await source
+            .Include(x => x.College)
+            .Include(x => x.CourseCategory)
+            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder)
+            .ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
+        var rows = courses
+            .Select(x => Row(
+                x.Code,
+                x.Name,
+                x.EnglishName,
+                x.College!.Code,
+                x.CourseCategory?.Code,
+                NatureName(x.Nature),
+                x.Credits,
+                x.TotalHours,
+                x.LectureHours,
+                x.PracticeHours,
+                AssessmentName(x.AssessmentMethod),
+                x.Description,
+                x.IsEnabled ? "是" : "否",
+                x.SortOrder))
+            .ToList();
+
+        var bytes = ExcelWorkbookHelper.Create("课程库", Headers, rows);
+        return File(
+            bytes,
+            ExcelWorkbookHelper.ContentType,
+            $"课程库-{DateTime.Now:yyyyMMdd-HHmm}.xlsx");
+    }
+
+    [HttpPost("import")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = WriteRoles)]
+    [RequestSizeLimit(10 * 1024 * 1024)]
+    public async Task<ActionResult<ExcelImportResult>> Import(
+        IFormFile file,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        IReadOnlyList<ExcelRow> rows;
+        try
+        {
+            rows = await ExcelWorkbookHelper.ReadAsync(
+                file,
+                Headers,
+                cancellationToken);
+        }
+        catch (InvalidDataException exception)
+        {
+            return ValidationProblem(exception.Message);
+        }
+
+        if (rows.Count == 0)
+            return ValidationProblem("Excel 中没有可导入的课程数据。");
+
+        var errors = new List<string>();
+        await using var transaction =
+            await db.Database.BeginTransactionAsync(cancellationToken);
+        try
+        {
+            var result = await ImportRowsAsync(rows, errors, cancellationToken);
+            if (errors.Count > 0)
+            {
+                await transaction.RollbackAsync(cancellationToken);
+                return ImportValidationProblem(errors);
+            }
+
+            await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+            await transaction.CommitAsync(cancellationToken);
+            return Ok(result);
+        }
+        catch (DbUpdateException)
+        {
+            await transaction.RollbackAsync(cancellationToken);
+            return Conflict(new ProblemDetails
+            {
+                Title = "导入失败",
+                Detail = "存在重复课程编码或无效关联，未写入任何课程。",
+                Status = StatusCodes.Status409Conflict
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private async Task<ExcelImportResult> ImportRowsAsync(
+        IReadOnlyList<ExcelRow> rows,
+        List<string> errors,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var existing = await db.Courses.ToDictionaryAsync(
+            x => x.Code,
+            StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase,
+            cancellationToken);
+        var colleges = await db.Colleges.AsNoTracking().ToDictionaryAsync(
+            x => x.Code,
+            StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase,
+            cancellationToken);
+        var categories = await db.CourseCategories.AsNoTracking().ToDictionaryAsync(
+            x => x.Code,
+            StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase,
+            cancellationToken);
+        var importedCodes = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        var created = 0;
+        var updated = 0;
+
+        foreach (var row in rows)
+        {
+            var code = Required(row, "课程编码", 40, errors);
+            var name = Required(row, "课程名称", 100, errors);
+            var englishName = Optional(row, "英文名称", 150, errors);
+            var collegeCode = Required(row, "开课学院编码", 40, errors);
+            var categoryCode = Required(row, "课程分类编码", 40, errors);
+            var nature = ParseNature(row, errors);
+            var credits = ParseDecimal(row, "学分", 0.1m, 99m, errors);
+            var totalHours = ParseInt(row, "总学时", 1, 1000, errors);
+            var lectureHours = ParseInt(row, "讲授学时", 0, 1000, errors);
+            var practiceHours = ParseInt(row, "实践学时", 0, 1000, errors);
+            var assessment = ParseAssessment(row, errors);
+            var description = Optional(row, "课程简介", 1000, errors);
+            var enabled = ParseEnabled(row, errors);
+            var sortOrder = ParseInt(row, "排序", 0, int.MaxValue, errors);
+
+            if (code is null || name is null || collegeCode is null ||
+                categoryCode is null || nature is null || credits is null ||
+                totalHours is null || lectureHours is null ||
+                practiceHours is null || assessment is null ||
+                enabled is null || sortOrder is null)
+                continue;
+
+            if (!importedCodes.Add(code))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：课程编码“{code}”在文件中重复。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!colleges.TryGetValue(collegeCode, out var college))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：开课学院编码“{collegeCode}”不存在。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!categories.TryGetValue(categoryCode, out var category))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：课程分类编码“{categoryCode}”不存在。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!category.IsEnabled)
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：课程分类“{category.Name}”已停用。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (lectureHours.Value + practiceHours.Value > totalHours.Value)
+            {
+                errors.Add(
+                    $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：讲授学时与实践学时之和不能超过总学时。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!CanManage(college.Id, nature.Value))
+            {
+                errors.Add(
+                    $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：无权维护学院“{college.Name}”的“{NatureName(nature.Value)}”课程。");
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            var entity = existing.GetValueOrDefault(code);
+            if (entity is not null && !CanManage(entity.CollegeId, entity.Nature))
+            {
+                errors.Add(
+                    $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：课程编码“{code}”已属于无权维护的课程。");
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (entity is null)
+            {
+                entity = new Course
+                {
+                    Code = code,
+                    Name = name,
+                    CollegeId = college.Id
+                };
+                db.Courses.Add(entity);
+                existing[code] = entity;
+                created++;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                updated++;
+            }
+
+            entity.Name = name;
+            entity.EnglishName = englishName;
+            entity.CollegeId = college.Id;
+            entity.CourseCategoryId = category.Id;
+            entity.Credits = credits.Value;
+            entity.TotalHours = totalHours.Value;
+            entity.LectureHours = lectureHours.Value;
+            entity.PracticeHours = practiceHours.Value;
+            entity.Nature = nature.Value;
+            entity.AssessmentMethod = assessment.Value;
+            entity.Description = description;
+            entity.IsEnabled = enabled.Value;
+            entity.SortOrder = sortOrder.Value;
+        }
+
+        return new(created, updated, rows.Count);
+    }
+
+    private IQueryable<Course> ScopedCourses()
+    {
+        var scope = currentUserDataScope.Current;
+        var source = db.Courses.AsQueryable();
+        if (scope.Scope == DataScope.All) return source;
+        if (scope.Scope == DataScope.College)
+        {
+            return source.Where(x =>
+                x.Nature == CourseNature.GeneralRequired ||
+                x.Nature == CourseNature.GeneralElective ||
+                x.CollegeId == scope.RestrictedCollegeId);
+        }
+        if (scope.Scope == DataScope.Class)
+        {
+            return source.Where(course => db.TeachingTasks.Any(task =>
+                task.CourseId == course.Id &&
+                task.Classes.Any(item =>
+                    item.AdministrativeClass!.CounselorUserId == scope.UserId)));
+        }
+
+        var userId = scope.UserId;
+        var isTeacher = scope.IsInRole(SystemRoles.Teacher);
+        var isStudent = scope.IsInRole(SystemRoles.Student);
+        return source.Where(course =>
+            isTeacher && db.TeachingTasks.Any(task =>
+                task.CourseId == course.Id &&
+                task.Teachers.Any(item => item.Teacher!.UserId == userId)) ||
+            isStudent && db.TeachingTasks.Any(task =>
+                task.CourseId == course.Id &&
+                task.Classes.Any(item =>
+                    item.AdministrativeClass!.Students.Any(student =>
+                        student.UserId == userId))));
+    }
+
+    private static IQueryable<Course> ApplyFilters(
+        IQueryable<Course> source,
+        string? keyword,
+        Guid? collegeId,
+        Guid? categoryId,
+        CourseNature? nature,
+        bool? isEnabled)
+    {
+        if (collegeId.HasValue)
+            source = source.Where(x => x.CollegeId == collegeId.Value);
+        if (categoryId.HasValue)
+            source = source.Where(x => x.CourseCategoryId == categoryId.Value);
+        if (nature.HasValue)
+            source = source.Where(x => x.Nature == nature.Value);
+        if (isEnabled.HasValue)
+            source = source.Where(x => x.IsEnabled == isEnabled.Value);
+        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(keyword))
+        {
+            keyword = keyword.Trim();
+            source = source.Where(x =>
+                x.Code.Contains(keyword) ||
+                x.Name.Contains(keyword) ||
+                (x.EnglishName != null && x.EnglishName.Contains(keyword)));
+        }
+        return source;
+    }
+
+    private bool CanManage(Guid collegeId, CourseNature nature) =>
+        CourseMaintenancePolicy.CanManage(
+            currentUserDataScope.Current,
+            collegeId,
+            nature);
+
+    private ActionResult ImportValidationProblem(IReadOnlyList<string> errors)
+    {
+        foreach (var error in errors.Take(50))
+            ModelState.AddModelError("file", error);
+        if (errors.Count > 50)
+            ModelState.AddModelError("file", $"另有 {errors.Count - 50} 条错误未显示。");
+        return ValidationProblem(ModelState);
+    }
+
+    private static string? Required(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        string header,
+        int maximumLength,
+        List<string> errors)
+    {
+        var value = Optional(row, header, maximumLength, errors);
+        if (value is not null) return value;
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(row[header]))
+            errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“{header}”不能为空。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static string? Optional(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        string header,
+        int maximumLength,
+        List<string> errors)
+    {
+        var value = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(row[header])
+            ? null
+            : row[header].Trim();
+        if (value is null || value.Length <= maximumLength) return value;
+        errors.Add(
+            $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“{header}”不能超过 {maximumLength} 个字符。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static int? ParseInt(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        string header,
+        int minimum,
+        int maximum,
+        List<string> errors)
+    {
+        if (int.TryParse(
+                row[header],
+                NumberStyles.Integer,
+                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
+                out var value) &&
+            value >= minimum &&
+            value <= maximum)
+            return value;
+        errors.Add(
+            $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“{header}”必须是 {minimum} 至 {maximum} 的整数。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static decimal? ParseDecimal(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        string header,
+        decimal minimum,
+        decimal maximum,
+        List<string> errors)
+    {
+        if (decimal.TryParse(
+                row[header],
+                NumberStyles.Number,
+                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
+                out var value) &&
+            value >= minimum &&
+            value <= maximum)
+            return value;
+        errors.Add(
+            $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“{header}”必须是 {minimum:0.##} 至 {maximum:0.##} 的数值。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static CourseNature? ParseNature(ExcelRow row, List<string> errors)
+    {
+        var value = row["课程性质"];
+        if (value == "通识必修" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(CourseNature.GeneralRequired), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return CourseNature.GeneralRequired;
+        if (value == "专业必修" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(CourseNature.MajorRequired), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return CourseNature.MajorRequired;
+        if (value == "专业选修" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(CourseNature.MajorElective), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return CourseNature.MajorElective;
+        if (value == "通识选修" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(CourseNature.GeneralElective), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return CourseNature.GeneralElective;
+        if (value is "实践" or "实践课程" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(CourseNature.Practice), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return CourseNature.Practice;
+        errors.Add(
+            $"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“课程性质”请填写通识必修、专业必修、专业选修、通识选修或实践课程。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static AssessmentMethod? ParseAssessment(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        List<string> errors)
+    {
+        var value = row["考核方式"];
+        if (value == "考试" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(AssessmentMethod.Examination), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return AssessmentMethod.Examination;
+        if (value == "考查" ||
+            value.Equals(nameof(AssessmentMethod.Assessment), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return AssessmentMethod.Assessment;
+        errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“考核方式”请填写考试或考查。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static bool? ParseEnabled(ExcelRow row, List<string> errors)
+    {
+        var value = row["启用状态"];
+        if (value is "是" or "启用" or "1" ||
+            value.Equals("true", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return true;
+        if (value is "否" or "停用" or "0" ||
+            value.Equals("false", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return false;
+        errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“启用状态”请填写是或否。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static IReadOnlyList<object?> Row(params object?[] values) => values;
+
+    private static string NatureName(CourseNature value) => value switch
+    {
+        CourseNature.GeneralRequired => "通识必修",
+        CourseNature.MajorRequired => "专业必修",
+        CourseNature.MajorElective => "专业选修",
+        CourseNature.GeneralElective => "通识选修",
+        _ => "实践课程"
+    };
+
+    private static string AssessmentName(AssessmentMethod value) =>
+        value == AssessmentMethod.Examination ? "考试" : "考查";
+}

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/CurriculumPlansController.cs

@@ -168,6 +168,9 @@ public sealed class CurriculumPlansController(
                                 course.Course.Credits,
                                 course.Course.TotalHours,
                                 course.Course.Nature,
+                                CategoryName = course.Course.CourseCategory != null
+                                    ? course.Course.CourseCategory.Name
+                                    : null,
                                 course.RecommendedSemester,
                                 course.Type,
                                 course.Notes

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/GraduationAuditsController.cs

@@ -156,10 +156,6 @@ public sealed class GraduationAuditsController(
         {
             var plan = plans.FirstOrDefault(x =>
                 x.MajorId == student.AdministrativeClass!.MajorId);
-            var requiredCourses = plan?.Modules
-                .SelectMany(x => x.Courses)
-                .Where(x => x.Type == CurriculumCourseType.Required)
-                .ToList() ?? [];
             var studentGrades = grades.Where(x => x.StudentId == student.Id).ToList();
             var passedCourseIds = studentGrades
                 .Where(IsPassed)
@@ -170,14 +166,12 @@ public sealed class GraduationAuditsController(
                 .Where(IsPassed)
                 .GroupBy(x => x.CourseId)
                 .Sum(x => x.Max(item => item.Credits));
-            var missingCourses = requiredCourses
+            var completion = CurriculumCompletionRules.Evaluate(
-                .Where(x => !passedCourseIds.Contains(x.CourseId))
+                plan?.Modules ?? [],
-                .Select(x => x.Course!.Name)
+                passedCourseIds);
-                .Distinct()
-                .ToArray();
             var missingCourseNames = plan is null
                 ? "未匹配已发布的培养方案"
-                : string.Join("、", missingCourses);
+                : string.Join("、", completion.MissingRequirements);
             if (missingCourseNames.Length > 2000)
                 missingCourseNames = missingCourseNames[..2000];
             var failedCourseCount = studentGrades
@@ -188,8 +182,8 @@ public sealed class GraduationAuditsController(
                 student.Status,
                 plan?.TotalCredits ?? 0,
                 earnedCredits,
-                requiredCourses.Count,
+                completion.RequirementCount,
-                requiredCourses.Count - missingCourses.Length,
+                completion.PassedRequirementCount,
                 failedCourseCount);
             db.GraduationAuditResults.Add(new GraduationAuditResult
             {
@@ -199,8 +193,8 @@ public sealed class GraduationAuditsController(
                 StudentStatusSnapshot = student.Status,
                 RequiredCredits = plan?.TotalCredits ?? 0,
                 EarnedCredits = earnedCredits,
-                RequiredCourseCount = requiredCourses.Count,
+                RequiredCourseCount = completion.RequirementCount,
-                PassedRequiredCourseCount = requiredCourses.Count - missingCourses.Length,
+                PassedRequiredCourseCount = completion.PassedRequirementCount,
                 FailedCourseCount = failedCourseCount,
                 MissingCourseNames = missingCourseNames,
                 CalculatedConclusion = conclusion,

src/Jiaowu.Api/Domain/Academic/PeopleAndCourseEntities.cs

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ public sealed class Course : CatalogEntity
 {
     public Guid CollegeId { get; set; }
     public College? College { get; set; }
+    public Guid? CourseCategoryId { get; set; }
+    public CourseCategory? CourseCategory { get; set; }
     public string? EnglishName { get; set; }
     public decimal Credits { get; set; }
     public int TotalHours { get; set; }
@@ -50,6 +52,10 @@ public sealed class Course : CatalogEntity
     public string? Description { get; set; }
 }
 
+public sealed class CourseCategory : CatalogEntity
+{
+}
+
 public enum Gender
 {
     Unknown = 0,

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Graduation/CurriculumCompletionRules.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
+
+namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Graduation;
+
+public sealed record CurriculumCompletionSummary(
+    int RequirementCount,
+    int PassedRequirementCount,
+    IReadOnlyList<string> MissingRequirements);
+
+public static class CurriculumCompletionRules
+{
+    public static CurriculumCompletionSummary Evaluate(
+        IEnumerable<CurriculumModule> modules,
+        IReadOnlySet<Guid> passedCourseIds)
+    {
+        var moduleList = modules.ToList();
+        var requiredCourses = moduleList
+            .SelectMany(x => x.Courses)
+            .Where(x => x.Type == CurriculumCourseType.Required)
+            .ToList();
+        var optionGroups = moduleList
+            .Where(x =>
+                x.RequiredCredits > 0 &&
+                x.Courses.Any(course => course.Type == CurriculumCourseType.Elective))
+            .ToList();
+
+        var missing = requiredCourses
+            .Where(x => !passedCourseIds.Contains(x.CourseId))
+            .Select(x => x.Course?.Name ?? "未命名必修课程")
+            .Distinct()
+            .ToList();
+        var passedRequiredCourses = requiredCourses.Count -
+                                    requiredCourses.Count(x =>
+                                        !passedCourseIds.Contains(x.CourseId));
+        var passedGroups = 0;
+        foreach (var module in optionGroups)
+        {
+            var earnedGroupCredits = module.Courses
+                .Where(x => passedCourseIds.Contains(x.CourseId))
+                .GroupBy(x => x.CourseId)
+                .Sum(group => group.Max(x => x.Course?.Credits ?? 0));
+            if (earnedGroupCredits >= module.RequiredCredits)
+            {
+                passedGroups++;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            var shortage = module.RequiredCredits - earnedGroupCredits;
+            missing.Add($"{module.Name}（还差 {shortage:0.#} 学分）");
+        }
+
+        return new CurriculumCompletionSummary(
+            requiredCourses.Count + optionGroups.Count,
+            passedRequiredCourses + passedGroups,
+            missing);
+    }
+}

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Persistence/AppDbContext.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ public sealed class AppDbContext(DbContextOptions<AppDbContext> options)
     public DbSet<AcademicTerm> AcademicTerms => Set<AcademicTerm>();
     public DbSet<Teacher> Teachers => Set<Teacher>();
     public DbSet<Student> Students => Set<Student>();
+    public DbSet<CourseCategory> CourseCategories => Set<CourseCategory>();
     public DbSet<Course> Courses => Set<Course>();
     public DbSet<CurriculumPlan> CurriculumPlans => Set<CurriculumPlan>();
     public DbSet<CurriculumModule> CurriculumModules => Set<CurriculumModule>();
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ public sealed class AppDbContext(DbContextOptions<AppDbContext> options)
         ConfigureCatalog<Building>(builder);
         ConfigureCatalog<Classroom>(builder);
         ConfigureCatalog<AcademicTerm>(builder);
+        ConfigureCatalog<CourseCategory>(builder);
         ConfigureCatalog<Course>(builder);
 
         builder.Entity<College>()
@@ -167,10 +169,15 @@ public sealed class AppDbContext(DbContextOptions<AppDbContext> options)
             entity.Property(x => x.Credits).HasPrecision(5, 2);
             entity.Property(x => x.Description).HasMaxLength(1000);
             entity.HasIndex(x => new { x.CollegeId, x.Nature });
+            entity.HasIndex(x => x.CourseCategoryId);
             entity.HasOne(x => x.College)
                 .WithMany()
                 .HasForeignKey(x => x.CollegeId)
                 .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
+            entity.HasOne(x => x.CourseCategory)
+                .WithMany()
+                .HasForeignKey(x => x.CourseCategoryId)
+                .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
         });
 
         builder.Entity<CurriculumPlan>(entity =>

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Persistence/DatabaseInitializer.cs

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
 
         await SeedRolesAsync();
         await SeedAdministratorAsync();
+        await SeedCourseCategoriesAsync();
 
         if (environment.IsDevelopment())
         {
@@ -108,6 +109,55 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
         }
     }
 
+    private async Task SeedCourseCategoriesAsync()
+    {
+        var defaults = new[]
+        {
+            ("BASIC", "基础课程", 10),
+            ("MORAL", "德育课程", 20),
+            ("AESTHETIC", "美育课程", 30),
+            ("LABOR", "劳动教育", 40),
+            ("INNOVATION", "创新创业", 50),
+            ("ENGLISH", "大学英语", 60),
+            ("SPORTS", "大学体育", 70),
+            ("MILITARY", "国防教育", 80),
+            ("MAJOR", "专业教育", 90),
+            ("PRACTICE", "实践教学", 100)
+        };
+        var existingCodes = (await db.CourseCategories
+            .Select(x => x.Code)
+            .ToListAsync())
+            .ToHashSet(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        foreach (var (code, name, sortOrder) in defaults)
+        {
+            if (existingCodes.Contains(code)) continue;
+            db.CourseCategories.Add(new CourseCategory
+            {
+                Code = code,
+                Name = name,
+                SortOrder = sortOrder
+            });
+        }
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+        var categories = await db.CourseCategories
+            .ToDictionaryAsync(x => x.Code, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        var uncategorizedCourses = await db.Courses
+            .Where(x => x.CourseCategoryId == null)
+            .ToListAsync();
+        foreach (var course in uncategorizedCourses)
+        {
+            var categoryCode = course.Nature switch
+            {
+                CourseNature.Practice => "PRACTICE",
+                CourseNature.MajorRequired or CourseNature.MajorElective => "MAJOR",
+                _ => "BASIC"
+            };
+            course.CourseCategoryId = categories[categoryCode].Id;
+        }
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+    }
+
     private async Task SeedDevelopmentDataAsync()
     {
         if (!await db.Campuses.AnyAsync())
@@ -242,6 +292,9 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
                 });
         }
 
+        var courseCategories = await db.CourseCategories
+            .ToDictionaryAsync(x => x.Code, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
         if (!await db.Courses.AnyAsync())
         {
             db.Courses.AddRange(
@@ -251,6 +304,7 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
                     Name = "程序设计基础",
                     EnglishName = "Fundamentals of Programming",
                     CollegeId = computerCollege.Id,
+                    CourseCategoryId = courseCategories["BASIC"].Id,
                     Credits = 4,
                     TotalHours = 64,
                     LectureHours = 40,
@@ -265,6 +319,7 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
                     Name = "数据结构",
                     EnglishName = "Data Structures",
                     CollegeId = computerCollege.Id,
+                    CourseCategoryId = courseCategories["BASIC"].Id,
                     Credits = 3.5m,
                     TotalHours = 56,
                     LectureHours = 40,
@@ -278,6 +333,7 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
                     Name = "软件工程实践",
                     EnglishName = "Software Engineering Practice",
                     CollegeId = computerCollege.Id,
+                    CourseCategoryId = courseCategories["PRACTICE"].Id,
                     Credits = 2,
                     TotalHours = 48,
                     LectureHours = 8,
@@ -286,7 +342,6 @@ public sealed class DatabaseInitializer(
                     AssessmentMethod = AssessmentMethod.Assessment
                 });
         }
-
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
         if (!await db.CurriculumPlans.AnyAsync())

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Persistence/DevelopmentSqliteMigrator.cs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ public sealed class DevelopmentSqliteMigrator(
     private const string GraduationAuditsMigration = "20260724_10_graduation_audits";
     private const string DegreeAwardsMigration = "20260724_11_degree_awards";
     private const string GraduationClearanceMigration = "20260724_12_graduation_clearance";
+    private const string CourseCategoriesMigration = "20260724_13_course_categories";
 
     public async Task MigrateAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
     {
@@ -90,6 +91,22 @@ public sealed class DevelopmentSqliteMigrator(
             GraduationClearanceMigration,
             GraduationClearanceStatements,
             cancellationToken);
+        var courseCategoryColumnExists = await db.Database
+            .SqlQueryRaw<int>(
+                """
+                SELECT COUNT(*) AS "Value"
+                FROM pragma_table_info('Courses')
+                WHERE name = 'CourseCategoryId'
+                """)
+            .AnyAsync(value => value > 0, cancellationToken);
+        await ApplyMigrationAsync(
+            CourseCategoriesMigration,
+            courseCategoryColumnExists
+                ? CourseCategoriesStatements.Where(
+                    statement => !statement.StartsWith(
+                        "ALTER TABLE", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                : CourseCategoriesStatements,
+            cancellationToken);
     }
 
     private async Task ApplyMigrationAsync(
@@ -767,4 +784,34 @@ public sealed class DevelopmentSqliteMigrator(
         """CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "IX_GraduationClearanceRecords_GraduationClearanceItemId_StudentId" ON "GraduationClearanceRecords" ("GraduationClearanceItemId", "StudentId");""",
         """CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "IX_GraduationClearanceRecords_StudentId_Status" ON "GraduationClearanceRecords" ("StudentId", "Status");"""
     ];
+
+    private static readonly string[] CourseCategoriesStatements =
+    [
+        """
+        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "CourseCategories" (
+            "Id" TEXT NOT NULL CONSTRAINT "PK_CourseCategories" PRIMARY KEY,
+            "Code" TEXT NOT NULL,
+            "Name" TEXT NOT NULL,
+            "SortOrder" INTEGER NOT NULL,
+            "IsEnabled" INTEGER NOT NULL,
+            "CreatedAt" TEXT NOT NULL,
+            "UpdatedAt" TEXT NOT NULL
+        );
+        """,
+        """
+        CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "IX_CourseCategories_Code"
+            ON "CourseCategories" ("Code");
+        """,
+        """
+        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "IX_CourseCategories_IsEnabled_SortOrder"
+            ON "CourseCategories" ("IsEnabled", "SortOrder");
+        """,
+        """
+        ALTER TABLE "Courses" ADD COLUMN "CourseCategoryId" TEXT NULL;
+        """,
+        """
+        CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "IX_Courses_CourseCategoryId"
+            ON "Courses" ("CourseCategoryId");
+        """
+    ];
 }

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Persistence/Migrations/MySql/20260724104203_CourseCategories.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+using System;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations;
+
+#nullable disable
+
+namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence.Migrations.MySql
+{
+    /// <inheritdoc />
+    public partial class CourseCategories : Migration
+    {
+        /// <inheritdoc />
+        protected override void Up(MigrationBuilder migrationBuilder)
+        {
+            migrationBuilder.AddColumn<Guid>(
+                name: "CourseCategoryId",
+                table: "Courses",
+                type: "char(36)",
+                nullable: true);
+
+            migrationBuilder.CreateTable(
+                name: "CourseCategories",
+                columns: table => new
+                {
+                    Id = table.Column<Guid>(type: "char(36)", nullable: false),
+                    CreatedAt = table.Column<DateTime>(type: "datetime(6)", nullable: false),
+                    UpdatedAt = table.Column<DateTime>(type: "datetime(6)", nullable: false),
+                    Code = table.Column<string>(type: "varchar(40)", maxLength: 40, nullable: false),
+                    Name = table.Column<string>(type: "varchar(100)", maxLength: 100, nullable: false),
+                    SortOrder = table.Column<int>(type: "int", nullable: false),
+                    IsEnabled = table.Column<bool>(type: "tinyint(1)", nullable: false)
+                },
+                constraints: table =>
+                {
+                    table.PrimaryKey("PK_CourseCategories", x => x.Id);
+                })
+                .Annotation("MySQL:Charset", "utf8mb4");
+
+            migrationBuilder.CreateIndex(
+                name: "IX_Courses_CourseCategoryId",
+                table: "Courses",
+                column: "CourseCategoryId");
+
+            migrationBuilder.CreateIndex(
+                name: "IX_CourseCategories_Code",
+                table: "CourseCategories",
+                column: "Code",
+                unique: true);
+
+            migrationBuilder.CreateIndex(
+                name: "IX_CourseCategories_IsEnabled_SortOrder",
+                table: "CourseCategories",
+                columns: new[] { "IsEnabled", "SortOrder" });
+
+            migrationBuilder.AddForeignKey(
+                name: "FK_Courses_CourseCategories_CourseCategoryId",
+                table: "Courses",
+                column: "CourseCategoryId",
+                principalTable: "CourseCategories",
+                principalColumn: "Id",
+                onDelete: ReferentialAction.Restrict);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc />
+        protected override void Down(MigrationBuilder migrationBuilder)
+        {
+            migrationBuilder.DropForeignKey(
+                name: "FK_Courses_CourseCategories_CourseCategoryId",
+                table: "Courses");
+
+            migrationBuilder.DropTable(
+                name: "CourseCategories");
+
+            migrationBuilder.DropIndex(
+                name: "IX_Courses_CourseCategoryId",
+                table: "Courses");
+
+            migrationBuilder.DropColumn(
+                name: "CourseCategoryId",
+                table: "Courses");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Persistence/Migrations/MySql/AppDbContextModelSnapshot.cs

@@ -329,6 +329,9 @@ namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence.Migrations.MySql
                     b.Property<Guid>("CollegeId")
                         .HasColumnType("char(36)");
 
+                    b.Property<Guid?>("CourseCategoryId")
+                        .HasColumnType("char(36)");
+
                     b.Property<DateTime>("CreatedAt")
                         .HasColumnType("datetime(6)");
 
@@ -375,6 +378,8 @@ namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence.Migrations.MySql
                     b.HasIndex("Code")
                         .IsUnique();
 
+                    b.HasIndex("CourseCategoryId");
+
                     b.HasIndex("CollegeId", "Nature");
 
                     b.HasIndex("IsEnabled", "SortOrder");
@@ -382,6 +387,44 @@ namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence.Migrations.MySql
                     b.ToTable("Courses");
                 });
 
+            modelBuilder.Entity("Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic.CourseCategory", b =>
+                {
+                    b.Property<Guid>("Id")
+                        .ValueGeneratedOnAdd()
+                        .HasColumnType("char(36)");
+
+                    b.Property<string>("Code")
+                        .IsRequired()
+                        .HasMaxLength(40)
+                        .HasColumnType("varchar(40)");
+
+                    b.Property<DateTime>("CreatedAt")
+                        .HasColumnType("datetime(6)");
+
+                    b.Property<bool>("IsEnabled")
+                        .HasColumnType("tinyint(1)");
+
+                    b.Property<string>("Name")
+                        .IsRequired()
+                        .HasMaxLength(100)
+                        .HasColumnType("varchar(100)");
+
+                    b.Property<int>("SortOrder")
+                        .HasColumnType("int");
+
+                    b.Property<DateTime>("UpdatedAt")
+                        .HasColumnType("datetime(6)");
+
+                    b.HasKey("Id");
+
+                    b.HasIndex("Code")
+                        .IsUnique();
+
+                    b.HasIndex("IsEnabled", "SortOrder");
+
+                    b.ToTable("CourseCategories");
+                });
+
             modelBuilder.Entity("Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic.CourseEnrollment", b =>
                 {
                     b.Property<Guid>("Id")
@@ -1948,7 +1991,14 @@ namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence.Migrations.MySql
                         .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict)
                         .IsRequired();
 
+                    b.HasOne("Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic.CourseCategory", "CourseCategory")
+                        .WithMany()
+                        .HasForeignKey("CourseCategoryId")
+                        .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict);
+
                     b.Navigation("College");
+
+                    b.Navigation("CourseCategory");
                 });
 
             modelBuilder.Entity("Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic.CourseEnrollment", b =>

tests/Jiaowu.Api.Tests/GraduationAuditRulesTests.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,61 @@ namespace Jiaowu.Api.Tests;
 
 public sealed class GraduationAuditRulesTests
 {
+    [Fact]
+    public void Curriculum_groups_Accept_Any_Options_That_Fulfill_Required_Credits()
+    {
+        var football = new Course { Code = "PE101", Name = "足球", Credits = 1 };
+        var basketball = new Course { Code = "PE102", Name = "篮球", Credits = 1 };
+        var swimming = new Course { Code = "PE103", Name = "游泳", Credits = 1 };
+        var module = new CurriculumModule
+        {
+            Code = "SPORTS",
+            Name = "大学体育",
+            RequiredCredits = 2,
+            Courses = [Option(football), Option(basketball), Option(swimming)]
+        };
+
+        var completed = CurriculumCompletionRules.Evaluate(
+            [module],
+            new HashSet<Guid>([football.Id, swimming.Id]));
+        var incomplete = CurriculumCompletionRules.Evaluate(
+            [module],
+            new HashSet<Guid>([football.Id]));
+
+        Assert.Equal(1, completed.RequirementCount);
+        Assert.Equal(1, completed.PassedRequirementCount);
+        Assert.Empty(completed.MissingRequirements);
+        Assert.Equal(0, incomplete.PassedRequirementCount);
+        Assert.Contains("大学体育（还差 1 学分）", incomplete.MissingRequirements);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Curriculum_groups_Still_Require_Every_Fixed_Course()
+    {
+        var ideology = new Course { Code = "MORAL101", Name = "思想道德与法治", Credits = 3 };
+        var module = new CurriculumModule
+        {
+            Code = "MORAL",
+            Name = "德育课程",
+            RequiredCredits = 3,
+            Courses =
+            [
+                new CurriculumCourse
+                {
+                    CourseId = ideology.Id,
+                    Course = ideology,
+                    Type = CurriculumCourseType.Required
+                }
+            ]
+        };
+
+        var result = CurriculumCompletionRules.Evaluate([module], new HashSet<Guid>());
+
+        Assert.Equal(1, result.RequirementCount);
+        Assert.Equal(0, result.PassedRequirementCount);
+        Assert.Contains("思想道德与法治", result.MissingRequirements);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public void Active_student_with_full_credits_and_courses_is_eligible()
     {
@@ -35,4 +90,12 @@ public sealed class GraduationAuditRulesTests
 
         Assert.Equal(GraduationAuditConclusion.Ineligible, conclusion);
     }
+
+    private static CurriculumCourse Option(Course course) =>
+        new()
+        {
+            CourseId = course.Id,
+            Course = course,
+            Type = CurriculumCourseType.Elective
+        };
 }

tests/Jiaowu.Api.Tests/PersistenceTests.cs

@@ -111,6 +111,12 @@ public sealed class PersistenceTests : IAsyncLifetime
             Nature = CourseNature.MajorRequired,
             AssessmentMethod = AssessmentMethod.Examination
         };
+        var category = new CourseCategory
+        {
+            Code = "BASIC",
+            Name = "基础课程"
+        };
+        course.CourseCategoryId = category.Id;
         var teacher = new Teacher
         {
             TeacherNumber = "T2026001",
@@ -148,6 +154,7 @@ public sealed class PersistenceTests : IAsyncLifetime
             counselor,
             administrativeClass,
             teacher,
+            category,
             new Student
             {
                 StudentNumber = "202601001",
@@ -237,7 +244,10 @@ public sealed class PersistenceTests : IAsyncLifetime
         var savedClass = await _db.AdministrativeClasses
             .Include(x => x.CounselorUser)
             .SingleAsync();
-        var savedCourse = await _db.Courses.Include(x => x.College).SingleAsync();
+        var savedCourse = await _db.Courses
+            .Include(x => x.College)
+            .Include(x => x.CourseCategory)
+            .SingleAsync();
         var curriculumPlan = await _db.CurriculumPlans
             .Include(x => x.Modules)
             .ThenInclude(x => x.Courses)
@@ -255,6 +265,7 @@ public sealed class PersistenceTests : IAsyncLifetime
         Assert.Equal("计算机科学与技术", student.AdministrativeClass!.Major!.Name);
         Assert.Equal("陈老师", savedClass.CounselorUser!.DisplayName);
         Assert.Equal(4m, savedCourse.Credits);
+        Assert.Equal("基础课程", savedCourse.CourseCategory!.Name);
         Assert.Equal(savedCourse.TotalHours, savedCourse.LectureHours + savedCourse.PracticeHours);
         Assert.Single(curriculumPlan.Modules);
         Assert.Single(curriculumPlan.Modules.Single().Courses);

web/src/layouts/AdminLayout.vue

@@ -74,6 +74,10 @@ const navigationGroups = computed<NavigationGroup[]>(() => [
     key: 'teaching-construction',
     label: '教学建设',
     items: [
+      ...whenVisible(
+        hasAnyRole(['SuperAdmin', 'AcademicAdmin']),
+        { path: '/base-data/course-categories', label: '课程分类' },
+      ),
       { path: '/courses', label: '课程库' },
       ...whenVisible(isTeachingAdmin.value, { path: '/curriculum', label: '培养方案' }),
       ...whenVisible(isTeachingAdmin.value, { path: '/teaching-tasks', label: '教学任务' }),

web/src/router/index.ts

@@ -52,6 +52,15 @@ const router = createRouter({
             baseGroup: 'facilities',
           },
         },
+        {
+          path: 'base-data/course-categories',
+          name: 'course-category-data',
+          component: () => import('../views/BaseDataView.vue'),
+          meta: {
+            roles: ['SuperAdmin', 'AcademicAdmin'],
+            baseGroup: 'course-categories',
+          },
+        },
         {
           path: 'personnel',
           redirect: '/teachers',

web/src/style.css

@@ -227,6 +227,14 @@ button { cursor: pointer; }
 .record-name, .course-name { display: grid; gap: 3px; }
 .record-name b, .course-name b { color: var(--ink); font-size: 13px; }
 .record-name span, .course-name span { color: #9299a7; font-size: 10px; }
+.course-category { display: inline-flex; padding: 3px 8px; color: #335b75; background: #eaf2f5; border-radius: 12px; font-size: 10px; white-space: nowrap; }
+.taxonomy-note { min-height: 56px; padding: 8px 12px; display: grid; align-content: center; gap: 4px; border-left: 3px solid var(--teal); background: #f4f8f8; }
+.taxonomy-note b { color: var(--ink); font-size: 11px; }
+.taxonomy-note span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 10px; line-height: 1.5; }
+.form-help { margin-left: 10px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 10px; }
+.course-rule-help { margin-top: 4px; padding: 12px 14px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 74px 1fr; gap: 7px 12px; background: #f5f8fa; border-left: 3px solid var(--teal); }
+.course-rule-help b { color: var(--ink); font-size: 11px; }
+.course-rule-help span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 10px; line-height: 1.5; }
 .pagination-bar { min-height: 62px; padding: 12px 18px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
 .pagination-bar > span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
 .course-ledger { min-height: 92px; display: flex; align-items: stretch; color: white; background: linear-gradient(105deg, #1a2d61, #263f80); overflow: hidden; position: relative; }

web/src/views/BaseDataView.vue

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import http, { apiErrorMessage } from '../api/http'
 import { downloadApiFile, importExcel } from '../api/excel'
 import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
 
-type Kind = 'campuses' | 'colleges' | 'majors' | 'classes' | 'terms' | 'buildings' | 'classrooms'
+type Kind = 'campuses' | 'colleges' | 'majors' | 'classes' | 'terms' | 'buildings' | 'classrooms' | 'course-categories'
 interface Row { id: string; code: string; name: string; isEnabled: boolean; [key: string]: unknown }
 
 const allTabs: { key: Kind; label: string; hint: string }[] = [
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ const allTabs: { key: Kind; label: string; hint: string }[] = [
   { key: 'terms', label: '学期', hint: '教学运行时间轴' },
   { key: 'buildings', label: '教学楼', hint: '校区内教学建筑' },
   { key: 'classrooms', label: '教室', hint: '可排课教学空间' },
+  { key: 'course-categories', label: '课程分类', hint: '课程所属教学领域' },
 ]
 
 const auth = useAuthStore()
@@ -40,6 +41,12 @@ const groups = {
     description: '按校区和教学楼维护可用于排课的教室资源。',
     kinds: ['buildings', 'classrooms'] as Kind[],
   },
+  'course-categories': {
+    title: '课程分类',
+    kicker: 'COURSE TAXONOMY',
+    description: '统一维护基础课、美育、德育、创新创业等课程教学领域。课程性质与课程分类相互独立。',
+    kinds: ['course-categories'] as Kind[],
+  },
 }
 const group = computed(() => {
   const key = String(route.meta.baseGroup ?? 'organization') as keyof typeof groups

web/src/views/CoursesView.vue

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, onMounted, reactive, ref } from 'vue'
-import { Plus, Refresh, Search } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
+import { Document, Download, Plus, Refresh, Search, Upload } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
 import http, { apiErrorMessage } from '../api/http'
+import { downloadApiFile, importExcel } from '../api/excel'
 import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
 
 const auth = useAuthStore()
@@ -9,13 +10,17 @@ const loading = ref(false)
 const rows = ref<any[]>([])
 const total = ref(0)
 const colleges = ref<any[]>([])
+const categories = ref<any[]>([])
 const dialogVisible = ref(false)
 const editingId = ref('')
+const importing = ref(false)
+const importInput = ref<HTMLInputElement>()
 const query = reactive({
   page: 1,
   pageSize: 20,
   keyword: '',
   collegeId: undefined as string | undefined,
+  categoryId: undefined as string | undefined,
   nature: undefined as string | undefined,
   isEnabled: undefined as boolean | undefined,
 })
@@ -68,6 +73,7 @@ function resetForm(row?: any) {
     name: '',
     englishName: '',
     collegeId: auth.user?.roles.includes('CollegeAdmin') ? auth.user.collegeId : undefined,
+    courseCategoryId: categories.value.find((item) => item.isEnabled)?.id,
     credits: 2,
     totalHours: 32,
     lectureHours: 24,
@@ -89,6 +95,7 @@ async function load() {
         pageSize: query.pageSize,
         keyword: query.keyword || undefined,
         collegeId: query.collegeId,
+        categoryId: query.categoryId,
         nature: query.nature,
         isEnabled: query.isEnabled,
       },
@@ -107,12 +114,67 @@ async function resetFilters() {
     page: 1,
     keyword: '',
     collegeId: undefined,
+    categoryId: undefined,
     nature: undefined,
     isEnabled: undefined,
   })
   await load()
 }
 
+function exportParams() {
+  return {
+    keyword: query.keyword || undefined,
+    collegeId: query.collegeId,
+    categoryId: query.categoryId,
+    nature: query.nature,
+    isEnabled: query.isEnabled,
+  }
+}
+
+async function downloadTemplate() {
+  try {
+    await downloadApiFile('/courses/template', '课程库导入模板.xlsx')
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  }
+}
+
+async function exportRows() {
+  try {
+    await downloadApiFile(
+      '/courses/export',
+      '课程库.xlsx',
+      { params: exportParams() },
+    )
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  }
+}
+
+function chooseImportFile() {
+  importInput.value?.click()
+}
+
+async function handleImport(event: Event) {
+  const input = event.target as HTMLInputElement
+  const file = input.files?.[0]
+  input.value = ''
+  if (!file) return
+  importing.value = true
+  try {
+    const { data } = await importExcel('/courses/import', file)
+    ElMessage.success(
+      `导入完成：新增 ${data.created} 门，更新 ${data.updated} 门，共处理 ${data.total} 门。`,
+    )
+    query.page = 1
+    await load()
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  } finally {
+    importing.value = false
+  }
+}
+
 function openCreate() {
   editingId.value = ''
   resetForm()
@@ -126,8 +188,9 @@ function openEdit(row: any) {
 }
 
 async function save() {
-  if (!form.code?.trim() || !form.name?.trim() || !form.collegeId) {
+  if (!form.code?.trim() || !form.name?.trim() ||
-    ElMessage.warning('请填写课程编码、名称和开课学院。')
+      !form.collegeId || !form.courseCategoryId) {
+    ElMessage.warning('请填写课程编码、名称、开课学院和课程分类。')
     return
   }
   if (form.lectureHours + form.practiceHours > form.totalHours) {
@@ -161,7 +224,12 @@ async function remove(row: any) {
 }
 
 onMounted(async () => {
-  colleges.value = (await http.get('/base-data/colleges')).data
+  const [collegeRes, categoryRes] = await Promise.all([
+    http.get('/base-data/colleges'),
+    http.get('/base-data/course-categories'),
+  ])
+  colleges.value = collegeRes.data
+  categories.value = categoryRes.data
   await load()
 })
 </script>
@@ -174,7 +242,10 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         <h2>课程库</h2>
         <p>通识课程由校级统筹，专业课与实践课由开课学院维护，统一供培养方案与教学任务引用。</p>
       </div>
-      <el-button v-if="canManage" type="primary" :icon="Plus" @click="openCreate">新增课程</el-button>
+      <div class="page-actions">
+        <el-button :icon="Download" @click="exportRows">导出结果</el-button>
+        <el-button v-if="canManage" type="primary" :icon="Plus" @click="openCreate">新增课程</el-button>
+      </div>
     </section>
 
     <section class="course-ledger">
@@ -202,6 +273,9 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         <el-select v-model="query.collegeId" clearable placeholder="全部开课学院">
           <el-option v-for="item in colleges" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" />
         </el-select>
+        <el-select v-model="query.categoryId" clearable placeholder="全部课程分类">
+          <el-option v-for="item in categories" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" />
+        </el-select>
         <el-select v-model="query.nature" clearable placeholder="全部课程性质">
           <el-option v-for="(label, value) in natureLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" />
         </el-select>
@@ -212,6 +286,20 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         <el-button type="primary" @click="query.page = 1; load()">查询</el-button>
         <el-button :icon="Refresh" @click="resetFilters">重置</el-button>
       </div>
+      <div class="table-toolbar">
+        <template v-if="canManage">
+          <el-button :icon="Document" @click="downloadTemplate">下载模板</el-button>
+          <el-button :icon="Upload" :loading="importing" @click="chooseImportFile">Excel 导入</el-button>
+          <input
+            ref="importInput"
+            class="visually-hidden"
+            type="file"
+            accept=".xlsx"
+            @change="handleImport"
+          />
+        </template>
+        <span>当前筛选条件会原样用于 Excel 导出 · 共 {{ total }} 门</span>
+      </div>
 
       <el-table v-loading="loading" :data="rows" class="data-table course-table">
         <el-table-column label="课程编码" width="130">
@@ -226,6 +314,11 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           </template>
         </el-table-column>
         <el-table-column prop="collegeName" label="开课学院" min-width="145" />
+        <el-table-column label="课程分类" width="105">
+          <template #default="{ row }">
+            <span class="course-category">{{ row.categoryName || '未分类' }}</span>
+          </template>
+        </el-table-column>
         <el-table-column label="性质" width="105">
           <template #default="{ row }">{{ natureLabels[row.nature] }}</template>
         </el-table-column>
@@ -279,11 +372,27 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <el-option v-for="item in formColleges" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" />
             </el-select>
           </el-form-item>
+          <el-form-item label="课程分类" required>
+            <el-select v-model="form.courseCategoryId" filterable>
+              <el-option
+                v-for="item in categories.filter((category) => category.isEnabled)"
+                :key="item.id"
+                :label="item.name"
+                :value="item.id"
+              />
+            </el-select>
+          </el-form-item>
+        </div>
+        <div class="form-grid">
           <el-form-item label="课程性质">
             <el-select v-model="form.nature">
               <el-option v-for="(label, value) in collegeNatureLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" />
             </el-select>
           </el-form-item>
+          <div class="taxonomy-note">
+            <b>两个维度</b>
+            <span>分类表示教学领域，性质决定课程在培养方案中的管理方式。</span>
+          </div>
         </div>
         <div class="form-grid three">
           <el-form-item label="学分"><el-input-number v-model="form.credits" :min="0.1" :max="99" :step="0.5" /></el-form-item>

web/src/views/CurriculumView.vue

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ const statusLabels: Record<string, string> = {
   Archived: '已归档',
 }
 const courseTypeLabels: Record<string, string> = {
-  Required: '必修',
+  Required: '指定必修',
-  Elective: '选修',
+  Elective: '组内选修',
 }
 const isCollegeAdmin = computed(() => auth.user?.roles.includes('CollegeAdmin') ?? false)
 const availableMajors = computed(() => majors.value)
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           <div class="module-toolbar">
             <div>
               <b>课程结构</b>
-              <span>发布前模块学分合计须与方案总学分一致</span>
+              <span>指定必修须逐门通过；英语、体育等多选课程用“组内选修”，修满模块最低学分即可</span>
             </div>
             <el-button v-if="isDraft" :icon="Plus" @click="openModule()">新增模块</el-button>
           </div>
@@ -421,7 +421,12 @@ onMounted(async () => {
                 <span>{{ module.code }}</span>
                 <h4>{{ module.name }}</h4>
               </div>
-              <p>最低 {{ module.requiredCredits }} 学分 · 已配置 {{ module.assignedCredits }} 学分</p>
+              <p>
+                最低 {{ module.requiredCredits }} 学分 · 已配置 {{ module.assignedCredits }} 学分
+                <template v-if="module.courses.some((course: any) => course.type === 'Elective')">
+                  · 课程组选项
+                </template>
+              </p>
               <div v-if="isDraft">
                 <el-button link type="primary" @click="openModule(module)">编辑</el-button>
                 <el-button link type="danger" @click="deleteModule(module)">删除</el-button>
@@ -436,6 +441,9 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <el-table-column label="类别" width="80">
                 <template #default="{ row }">{{ courseTypeLabels[row.type] }}</template>
               </el-table-column>
+              <el-table-column label="课程分类" width="100">
+                <template #default="{ row }">{{ row.categoryName || '未分类' }}</template>
+              </el-table-column>
               <el-table-column prop="credits" label="学分" width="70" />
               <el-table-column prop="totalHours" label="学时" width="70" />
               <el-table-column label="建议学期" width="90">
@@ -489,7 +497,10 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           <el-form-item label="排序"><el-input-number v-model="moduleForm.sortOrder" :min="0" /></el-form-item>
         </div>
         <el-form-item label="模块名称" required><el-input v-model="moduleForm.name" /></el-form-item>
-        <el-form-item label="最低学分要求"><el-input-number v-model="moduleForm.requiredCredits" :min="0" :precision="1" :step="0.5" /></el-form-item>
+        <el-form-item label="最低学分要求">
+          <el-input-number v-model="moduleForm.requiredCredits" :min="0" :precision="1" :step="0.5" />
+          <span class="form-help">体育、英语等课程组填写学生必须从组内修满的学分。</span>
+        </el-form-item>
       </el-form>
       <template #footer><el-button @click="moduleDialog = false">取消</el-button><el-button type="primary" @click="saveModule">保存</el-button></template>
     </el-dialog>
@@ -498,14 +509,18 @@ onMounted(async () => {
       <el-form label-position="top">
         <el-form-item label="课程" required>
           <el-select v-model="courseForm.courseId" filterable>
-            <el-option v-for="item in courses" :key="item.id" :label="`${item.code} · ${item.name}`" :value="item.id" />
+            <el-option v-for="item in courses" :key="item.id" :label="`${item.code} · ${item.name}${item.categoryName ? ` · ${item.categoryName}` : ''}`" :value="item.id" />
           </el-select>
         </el-form-item>
         <div class="form-grid">
-          <el-form-item label="修读类别"><el-select v-model="courseForm.type"><el-option v-for="(label, value) in courseTypeLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" /></el-select></el-form-item>
+          <el-form-item label="修读规则"><el-select v-model="courseForm.type"><el-option v-for="(label, value) in courseTypeLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" /></el-select></el-form-item>
           <el-form-item label="建议学期"><el-input-number v-model="courseForm.recommendedSemester" :min="1" :max="selected?.schoolingYears * 2" /></el-form-item>
         </div>
         <el-form-item label="备注"><el-input v-model="courseForm.notes" type="textarea" :rows="2" /></el-form-item>
+        <div class="course-rule-help">
+          <b>指定必修</b><span>该门课程必须通过</span>
+          <b>组内选修</b><span>足球、篮球、英语分层等作为选项，按模块最低学分验收</span>
+        </div>
       </el-form>
       <template #footer><el-button @click="courseDialog = false">取消</el-button><el-button type="primary" @click="saveCourse">保存</el-button></template>
     </el-dialog>

web/src/views/GraduationAuditsView.vue

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ onMounted(load)
         </div>
         <div class="certificate-metrics">
           <div><span>学分完成</span><b>{{ myResult.earnedCredits }} / {{ myResult.requiredCredits }}</b><el-progress :percentage="percent(myResult.earnedCredits, myResult.requiredCredits)" :show-text="false" /></div>
-          <div><span>必修课程</span><b>{{ myResult.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ myResult.requiredCourseCount }}</b><p>已通过 / 应通过</p></div>
+          <div><span>必修要求</span><b>{{ myResult.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ myResult.requiredCourseCount }}</b><p>已完成 / 应完成</p></div>
           <div><span>未解决不及格</span><b>{{ myResult.failedCourseCount }}</b><p>门课程</p></div>
         </div>
         <footer>
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ onMounted(load)
           <article v-for="row in filteredResults" :key="row.id">
             <div class="graduation-student"><span>{{ row.studentNumber }} · {{ row.className }}</span><h4>{{ row.name }}</h4><p>{{ row.majorName }} · {{ row.planName || '未匹配培养方案' }}</p></div>
             <div class="credit-progress"><span>学分完成度</span><b>{{ row.earnedCredits }} / {{ row.requiredCredits }}</b><el-progress :percentage="percent(row.earnedCredits, row.requiredCredits)" :show-text="false" /></div>
-            <div class="course-clearance"><span>必修通过</span><b>{{ row.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ row.requiredCourseCount }}</b><small v-if="row.missingCourseNames">缺：{{ row.missingCourseNames }}</small><small v-else>必修项目已完成</small></div>
+            <div class="course-clearance"><span>必修要求</span><b>{{ row.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ row.requiredCourseCount }}</b><small v-if="row.missingCourseNames">缺：{{ row.missingCourseNames }}</small><small v-else>指定必修与课程组均已完成</small></div>
             <div class="graduation-conclusion" :class="{ eligible: row.conclusion === 'Eligible' }"><el-icon><Check /></el-icon><span>{{ conclusionLabels[row.conclusion] }}</span><small v-if="row.isOverridden">人工复核</small><small v-else>规则计算</small></div>
             <el-button v-if="selected.status === 'Draft'" link type="primary" @click="openDecision(row)">人工复核</el-button>
           </article>