课程库 Excel 导入导出已完成：

支持下载标准导入模板。
导出严格沿用当前关键词、学院、分类、课程性质和状态筛选。
以课程编码为唯一键：存在则更新，不存在则新增。
校验学院编码、课程分类、课程性质、学分学时及考核方式。
整批原子导入，任一行错误则全部不写入，并提示具体行号。
学院管理员仍只能维护本学院的专业课和实践课，无法借 Excel 越权。
界面入口沿用现有课程库工具栏样式。

web/src/views/BaseDataView.vue

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import http, { apiErrorMessage } from '../api/http'
 import { downloadApiFile, importExcel } from '../api/excel'
 import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
 
-type Kind = 'campuses' | 'colleges' | 'majors' | 'classes' | 'terms' | 'buildings' | 'classrooms'
+type Kind = 'campuses' | 'colleges' | 'majors' | 'classes' | 'terms' | 'buildings' | 'classrooms' | 'course-categories'
 interface Row { id: string; code: string; name: string; isEnabled: boolean; [key: string]: unknown }
 
 const allTabs: { key: Kind; label: string; hint: string }[] = [
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ const allTabs: { key: Kind; label: string; hint: string }[] = [
   { key: 'terms', label: '学期', hint: '教学运行时间轴' },
   { key: 'buildings', label: '教学楼', hint: '校区内教学建筑' },
   { key: 'classrooms', label: '教室', hint: '可排课教学空间' },
+  { key: 'course-categories', label: '课程分类', hint: '课程所属教学领域' },
 ]
 
 const auth = useAuthStore()
@@ -40,6 +41,12 @@ const groups = {
     description: '按校区和教学楼维护可用于排课的教室资源。',
     kinds: ['buildings', 'classrooms'] as Kind[],
   },
+  'course-categories': {
+    title: '课程分类',
+    kicker: 'COURSE TAXONOMY',
+    description: '统一维护基础课、美育、德育、创新创业等课程教学领域。课程性质与课程分类相互独立。',
+    kinds: ['course-categories'] as Kind[],
+  },
 }
 const group = computed(() => {
   const key = String(route.meta.baseGroup ?? 'organization') as keyof typeof groups

web/src/views/CoursesView.vue

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, onMounted, reactive, ref } from 'vue'
-import { Plus, Refresh, Search } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
+import { Document, Download, Plus, Refresh, Search, Upload } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
 import http, { apiErrorMessage } from '../api/http'
+import { downloadApiFile, importExcel } from '../api/excel'
 import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
 
 const auth = useAuthStore()
@@ -9,13 +10,17 @@ const loading = ref(false)
 const rows = ref<any[]>([])
 const total = ref(0)
 const colleges = ref<any[]>([])
+const categories = ref<any[]>([])
 const dialogVisible = ref(false)
 const editingId = ref('')
+const importing = ref(false)
+const importInput = ref<HTMLInputElement>()
 const query = reactive({
   page: 1,
   pageSize: 20,
   keyword: '',
   collegeId: undefined as string | undefined,
+  categoryId: undefined as string | undefined,
   nature: undefined as string | undefined,
   isEnabled: undefined as boolean | undefined,
 })
@@ -68,6 +73,7 @@ function resetForm(row?: any) {
     name: '',
     englishName: '',
     collegeId: auth.user?.roles.includes('CollegeAdmin') ? auth.user.collegeId : undefined,
+    courseCategoryId: categories.value.find((item) => item.isEnabled)?.id,
     credits: 2,
     totalHours: 32,
     lectureHours: 24,
@@ -89,6 +95,7 @@ async function load() {
         pageSize: query.pageSize,
         keyword: query.keyword || undefined,
         collegeId: query.collegeId,
+        categoryId: query.categoryId,
         nature: query.nature,
         isEnabled: query.isEnabled,
       },
@@ -107,12 +114,67 @@ async function resetFilters() {
     page: 1,
     keyword: '',
     collegeId: undefined,
+    categoryId: undefined,
     nature: undefined,
     isEnabled: undefined,
   })
   await load()
 }
 
+function exportParams() {
+  return {
+    keyword: query.keyword || undefined,
+    collegeId: query.collegeId,
+    categoryId: query.categoryId,
+    nature: query.nature,
+    isEnabled: query.isEnabled,
+  }
+}
+
+async function downloadTemplate() {
+  try {
+    await downloadApiFile('/courses/template', '课程库导入模板.xlsx')
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  }
+}
+
+async function exportRows() {
+  try {
+    await downloadApiFile(
+      '/courses/export',
+      '课程库.xlsx',
+      { params: exportParams() },
+    )
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  }
+}
+
+function chooseImportFile() {
+  importInput.value?.click()
+}
+
+async function handleImport(event: Event) {
+  const input = event.target as HTMLInputElement
+  const file = input.files?.[0]
+  input.value = ''
+  if (!file) return
+  importing.value = true
+  try {
+    const { data } = await importExcel('/courses/import', file)
+    ElMessage.success(
+      `导入完成：新增 ${data.created} 门，更新 ${data.updated} 门，共处理 ${data.total} 门。`,
+    )
+    query.page = 1
+    await load()
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  } finally {
+    importing.value = false
+  }
+}
+
 function openCreate() {
   editingId.value = ''
   resetForm()
@@ -126,8 +188,9 @@ function openEdit(row: any) {
 }
 
 async function save() {
-  if (!form.code?.trim() || !form.name?.trim() || !form.collegeId) {
-    ElMessage.warning('请填写课程编码、名称和开课学院。')
+  if (!form.code?.trim() || !form.name?.trim() ||
+      !form.collegeId || !form.courseCategoryId) {
+    ElMessage.warning('请填写课程编码、名称、开课学院和课程分类。')
     return
   }
   if (form.lectureHours + form.practiceHours > form.totalHours) {
@@ -161,7 +224,12 @@ async function remove(row: any) {
 }
 
 onMounted(async () => {
-  colleges.value = (await http.get('/base-data/colleges')).data
+  const [collegeRes, categoryRes] = await Promise.all([
+    http.get('/base-data/colleges'),
+    http.get('/base-data/course-categories'),
+  ])
+  colleges.value = collegeRes.data
+  categories.value = categoryRes.data
   await load()
 })
 </script>
@@ -174,7 +242,10 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         <h2>课程库</h2>
         <p>通识课程由校级统筹，专业课与实践课由开课学院维护，统一供培养方案与教学任务引用。</p>
       </div>
-      <el-button v-if="canManage" type="primary" :icon="Plus" @click="openCreate">新增课程</el-button>
+      <div class="page-actions">
+        <el-button :icon="Download" @click="exportRows">导出结果</el-button>
+        <el-button v-if="canManage" type="primary" :icon="Plus" @click="openCreate">新增课程</el-button>
+      </div>
     </section>
 
     <section class="course-ledger">
@@ -202,6 +273,9 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         <el-select v-model="query.collegeId" clearable placeholder="全部开课学院">
           <el-option v-for="item in colleges" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" />
         </el-select>
+        <el-select v-model="query.categoryId" clearable placeholder="全部课程分类">
+          <el-option v-for="item in categories" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" />
+        </el-select>
         <el-select v-model="query.nature" clearable placeholder="全部课程性质">
           <el-option v-for="(label, value) in natureLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" />
         </el-select>
@@ -212,6 +286,20 @@ onMounted(async () => {
         <el-button type="primary" @click="query.page = 1; load()">查询</el-button>
         <el-button :icon="Refresh" @click="resetFilters">重置</el-button>
       </div>
+      <div class="table-toolbar">
+        <template v-if="canManage">
+          <el-button :icon="Document" @click="downloadTemplate">下载模板</el-button>
+          <el-button :icon="Upload" :loading="importing" @click="chooseImportFile">Excel 导入</el-button>
+          <input
+            ref="importInput"
+            class="visually-hidden"
+            type="file"
+            accept=".xlsx"
+            @change="handleImport"
+          />
+        </template>
+        <span>当前筛选条件会原样用于 Excel 导出 · 共 {{ total }} 门</span>
+      </div>
 
       <el-table v-loading="loading" :data="rows" class="data-table course-table">
         <el-table-column label="课程编码" width="130">
@@ -226,6 +314,11 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           </template>
         </el-table-column>
         <el-table-column prop="collegeName" label="开课学院" min-width="145" />
+        <el-table-column label="课程分类" width="105">
+          <template #default="{ row }">
+            <span class="course-category">{{ row.categoryName || '未分类' }}</span>
+          </template>
+        </el-table-column>
         <el-table-column label="性质" width="105">
           <template #default="{ row }">{{ natureLabels[row.nature] }}</template>
         </el-table-column>
@@ -279,11 +372,27 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <el-option v-for="item in formColleges" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" />
             </el-select>
           </el-form-item>
+          <el-form-item label="课程分类" required>
+            <el-select v-model="form.courseCategoryId" filterable>
+              <el-option
+                v-for="item in categories.filter((category) => category.isEnabled)"
+                :key="item.id"
+                :label="item.name"
+                :value="item.id"
+              />
+            </el-select>
+          </el-form-item>
+        </div>
+        <div class="form-grid">
           <el-form-item label="课程性质">
             <el-select v-model="form.nature">
               <el-option v-for="(label, value) in collegeNatureLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" />
             </el-select>
           </el-form-item>
+          <div class="taxonomy-note">
+            <b>两个维度</b>
+            <span>分类表示教学领域，性质决定课程在培养方案中的管理方式。</span>
+          </div>
         </div>
         <div class="form-grid three">
           <el-form-item label="学分"><el-input-number v-model="form.credits" :min="0.1" :max="99" :step="0.5" /></el-form-item>

web/src/views/CurriculumView.vue

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ const statusLabels: Record<string, string> = {
   Archived: '已归档',
 }
 const courseTypeLabels: Record<string, string> = {
-  Required: '必修',
-  Elective: '选修',
+  Required: '指定必修',
+  Elective: '组内选修',
 }
 const isCollegeAdmin = computed(() => auth.user?.roles.includes('CollegeAdmin') ?? false)
 const availableMajors = computed(() => majors.value)
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           <div class="module-toolbar">
             <div>
               <b>课程结构</b>
-              <span>发布前模块学分合计须与方案总学分一致</span>
+              <span>指定必修须逐门通过；英语、体育等多选课程用“组内选修”，修满模块最低学分即可</span>
             </div>
             <el-button v-if="isDraft" :icon="Plus" @click="openModule()">新增模块</el-button>
           </div>
@@ -421,7 +421,12 @@ onMounted(async () => {
                 <span>{{ module.code }}</span>
                 <h4>{{ module.name }}</h4>
               </div>
-              <p>最低 {{ module.requiredCredits }} 学分 · 已配置 {{ module.assignedCredits }} 学分</p>
+              <p>
+                最低 {{ module.requiredCredits }} 学分 · 已配置 {{ module.assignedCredits }} 学分
+                <template v-if="module.courses.some((course: any) => course.type === 'Elective')">
+                  · 课程组选项
+                </template>
+              </p>
               <div v-if="isDraft">
                 <el-button link type="primary" @click="openModule(module)">编辑</el-button>
                 <el-button link type="danger" @click="deleteModule(module)">删除</el-button>
@@ -436,6 +441,9 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <el-table-column label="类别" width="80">
                 <template #default="{ row }">{{ courseTypeLabels[row.type] }}</template>
               </el-table-column>
+              <el-table-column label="课程分类" width="100">
+                <template #default="{ row }">{{ row.categoryName || '未分类' }}</template>
+              </el-table-column>
               <el-table-column prop="credits" label="学分" width="70" />
               <el-table-column prop="totalHours" label="学时" width="70" />
               <el-table-column label="建议学期" width="90">
@@ -489,7 +497,10 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           <el-form-item label="排序"><el-input-number v-model="moduleForm.sortOrder" :min="0" /></el-form-item>
         </div>
         <el-form-item label="模块名称" required><el-input v-model="moduleForm.name" /></el-form-item>
-        <el-form-item label="最低学分要求"><el-input-number v-model="moduleForm.requiredCredits" :min="0" :precision="1" :step="0.5" /></el-form-item>
+        <el-form-item label="最低学分要求">
+          <el-input-number v-model="moduleForm.requiredCredits" :min="0" :precision="1" :step="0.5" />
+          <span class="form-help">体育、英语等课程组填写学生必须从组内修满的学分。</span>
+        </el-form-item>
       </el-form>
       <template #footer><el-button @click="moduleDialog = false">取消</el-button><el-button type="primary" @click="saveModule">保存</el-button></template>
     </el-dialog>
@@ -498,14 +509,18 @@ onMounted(async () => {
       <el-form label-position="top">
         <el-form-item label="课程" required>
           <el-select v-model="courseForm.courseId" filterable>
-            <el-option v-for="item in courses" :key="item.id" :label="`${item.code} · ${item.name}`" :value="item.id" />
+            <el-option v-for="item in courses" :key="item.id" :label="`${item.code} · ${item.name}${item.categoryName ? ` · ${item.categoryName}` : ''}`" :value="item.id" />
           </el-select>
         </el-form-item>
         <div class="form-grid">
-          <el-form-item label="修读类别"><el-select v-model="courseForm.type"><el-option v-for="(label, value) in courseTypeLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" /></el-select></el-form-item>
+          <el-form-item label="修读规则"><el-select v-model="courseForm.type"><el-option v-for="(label, value) in courseTypeLabels" :key="value" :label="label" :value="value" /></el-select></el-form-item>
           <el-form-item label="建议学期"><el-input-number v-model="courseForm.recommendedSemester" :min="1" :max="selected?.schoolingYears * 2" /></el-form-item>
         </div>
         <el-form-item label="备注"><el-input v-model="courseForm.notes" type="textarea" :rows="2" /></el-form-item>
+        <div class="course-rule-help">
+          <b>指定必修</b><span>该门课程必须通过</span>
+          <b>组内选修</b><span>足球、篮球、英语分层等作为选项，按模块最低学分验收</span>
+        </div>
       </el-form>
       <template #footer><el-button @click="courseDialog = false">取消</el-button><el-button type="primary" @click="saveCourse">保存</el-button></template>
     </el-dialog>

web/src/views/GraduationAuditsView.vue

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ onMounted(load)
         </div>
         <div class="certificate-metrics">
           <div><span>学分完成</span><b>{{ myResult.earnedCredits }} / {{ myResult.requiredCredits }}</b><el-progress :percentage="percent(myResult.earnedCredits, myResult.requiredCredits)" :show-text="false" /></div>
-          <div><span>必修课程</span><b>{{ myResult.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ myResult.requiredCourseCount }}</b><p>已通过 / 应通过</p></div>
+          <div><span>必修要求</span><b>{{ myResult.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ myResult.requiredCourseCount }}</b><p>已完成 / 应完成</p></div>
           <div><span>未解决不及格</span><b>{{ myResult.failedCourseCount }}</b><p>门课程</p></div>
         </div>
         <footer>
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ onMounted(load)
           <article v-for="row in filteredResults" :key="row.id">
             <div class="graduation-student"><span>{{ row.studentNumber }} · {{ row.className }}</span><h4>{{ row.name }}</h4><p>{{ row.majorName }} · {{ row.planName || '未匹配培养方案' }}</p></div>
             <div class="credit-progress"><span>学分完成度</span><b>{{ row.earnedCredits }} / {{ row.requiredCredits }}</b><el-progress :percentage="percent(row.earnedCredits, row.requiredCredits)" :show-text="false" /></div>
-            <div class="course-clearance"><span>必修通过</span><b>{{ row.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ row.requiredCourseCount }}</b><small v-if="row.missingCourseNames">缺：{{ row.missingCourseNames }}</small><small v-else>必修项目已完成</small></div>
+            <div class="course-clearance"><span>必修要求</span><b>{{ row.passedRequiredCourseCount }} / {{ row.requiredCourseCount }}</b><small v-if="row.missingCourseNames">缺：{{ row.missingCourseNames }}</small><small v-else>指定必修与课程组均已完成</small></div>
             <div class="graduation-conclusion" :class="{ eligible: row.conclusion === 'Eligible' }"><el-icon><Check /></el-icon><span>{{ conclusionLabels[row.conclusion] }}</span><small v-if="row.isOverridden">人工复核</small><small v-else>规则计算</small></div>
             <el-button v-if="selected.status === 'Draft'" link type="primary" @click="openDecision(row)">人工复核</el-button>
           </article>