已发布方案可修改名称、总学分、说明、课程模块及课程配置。

适用专业、入学年级、版本号保持锁定；前端禁用，后端也会返回 409 拒绝篡改。
归档方案仍只读。
修改已发布方案前增加即时生效警示和二次确认。

web/src/views/CurriculumView.vue

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ const moduleDialog = ref(false)
 const courseDialog = ref(false)
 const cloneDialog = ref(false)
 const editingPlanId = ref('')
+const editingPlanStatus = ref('')
 const editingModuleId = ref('')
 const editingCourseId = ref('')
 const activeModuleId = ref('')
@@ -64,6 +65,9 @@ const maintenanceScope = computed(() =>
     : '全校各学院',
 )
 const isDraft = computed(() => selected.value?.status === 'Draft')
+const isPublished = computed(() => selected.value?.status === 'Published')
+const canEdit = computed(() => isDraft.value || isPublished.value)
+const isEditingPublished = computed(() => editingPlanStatus.value === 'Published')
 const configuredCredits = computed(() =>
   selected.value?.modules.reduce(
     (sum: number, module: any) => sum + Number(module.requiredCredits),
@@ -129,6 +133,7 @@ function changeCollege() {
 
 function openPlan(row?: any) {
   editingPlanId.value = row?.id ?? ''
+  editingPlanStatus.value = row?.status ?? ''
   Object.keys(planForm).forEach((key) => delete planForm[key])
   Object.assign(planForm, {
     majorId: row?.majorId,
@@ -141,11 +146,30 @@ function openPlan(row?: any) {
   planDialog.value = true
 }
 
+async function confirmPublishedChange(action: string) {
+  if (!isPublished.value) return true
+  try {
+    await ElMessageBox.confirm(
+      `${action}保存后会立即影响学生端培养方案展示及毕业审核依据。确定继续吗？`,
+      '修改已发布方案',
+      {
+        type: 'warning',
+        confirmButtonText: '确认修改',
+        cancelButtonText: '取消',
+      },
+    )
+    return true
+  } catch {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
 async function savePlan() {
   if (!planForm.majorId || !planForm.name?.trim() || !planForm.version?.trim()) {
     ElMessage.warning('请填写专业、方案名称和版本号。')
     return
   }
+  if (editingPlanId.value && !await confirmPublishedChange('方案信息')) return
   try {
     if (editingPlanId.value) {
       await http.put(`/curriculum-plans/${editingPlanId.value}`, planForm)
@@ -183,7 +207,7 @@ async function clonePlan() {
 async function publishPlan() {
   try {
     await ElMessageBox.confirm(
-      '发布后该版本将锁定，并自动归档同专业、同年级的旧发布版本。确定发布吗？',
+      '发布后该版本将成为学生端展示和毕业审核依据，并自动归档同专业、同年级的旧发布版本。已发布方案仍可调整课程内容，但适用专业、年级和版本号不可更改。确定发布吗？',
       '发布培养方案',
       { type: 'warning', confirmButtonText: '确认发布', cancelButtonText: '取消' },
     )
@@ -226,6 +250,7 @@ async function saveModule() {
     ElMessage.warning('请填写模块编码和名称。')
     return
   }
+  if (!await confirmPublishedChange('课程模块')) return
   try {
     const base = `/curriculum-plans/${selected.value.id}/modules`
     if (editingModuleId.value) await http.put(`${base}/${editingModuleId.value}`, moduleForm)
@@ -239,7 +264,10 @@ async function saveModule() {
 
 async function deleteModule(module: any) {
   try {
-    await ElMessageBox.confirm(`删除“${module.name}”及其中课程？`, '删除课程模块', {
+    const impact = isPublished.value
+      ? '删除后会立即影响学生端展示及毕业审核。'
+      : ''
+    await ElMessageBox.confirm(`删除“${module.name}”及其中课程？${impact}`, '删除课程模块', {
       type: 'warning',
     })
     await http.delete(`/curriculum-plans/${selected.value.id}/modules/${module.id}`)
@@ -266,6 +294,7 @@ async function saveCourse() {
     ElMessage.warning('请选择课程。')
     return
   }
+  if (!await confirmPublishedChange('方案课程')) return
   try {
     const base = `/curriculum-plans/${selected.value.id}/modules/${activeModuleId.value}/courses`
     if (editingCourseId.value) await http.put(`${base}/${editingCourseId.value}`, courseForm)
@@ -279,7 +308,10 @@ async function saveCourse() {
 
 async function deleteCourse(moduleId: string, item: any) {
   try {
-    await ElMessageBox.confirm(`从方案中移除“${item.courseName}”？`, '移除课程', {
+    const impact = isPublished.value
+      ? '移除后会立即影响学生端展示及毕业审核。'
+      : ''
+    await ElMessageBox.confirm(`从方案中移除“${item.courseName}”？${impact}`, '移除课程', {
       type: 'warning',
     })
     await http.delete(
@@ -313,7 +345,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
       <div>
         <span class="section-kicker">PROGRAMME OF STUDY</span>
         <h2>培养方案</h2>
-        <p>由学院按专业和入学年级维护课程结构，发布后锁定，避免影响历史年级。</p>
+        <p>由学院按专业和入学年级维护课程结构；已发布方案可受控调整，修改结果即时生效。</p>
       </div>
       <el-button type="primary" :icon="Plus" @click="openPlan()">新建方案</el-button>
     </section>
@@ -329,8 +361,8 @@ onMounted(async () => {
       </div>
       <p>
         {{ isCollegeAdmin
-          ? '可新建、编制并发布本学院各专业培养方案'
-          : '可跨学院查看、维护并统筹培养方案版本' }}
+          ? '可新建、编制、发布并维护本学院各专业培养方案'
+          : '可跨学院查看、发布并统筹维护培养方案版本' }}
       </p>
     </section>
 
@@ -393,13 +425,22 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <p>{{ selected.version }} · 适用 {{ selected.effectiveGrade }} 级 · {{ selected.schoolingYears }} 年制</p>
             </div>
             <div class="plan-actions">
-              <el-button v-if="isDraft" @click="openPlan(selected)">编辑</el-button>
+              <el-button v-if="canEdit" @click="openPlan(selected)">编辑</el-button>
               <el-button :icon="CopyDocument" @click="openClone">复制版本</el-button>
               <el-button v-if="isDraft" type="success" :icon="Promotion" @click="publishPlan">发布</el-button>
               <el-button v-if="isDraft" type="danger" plain @click="deletePlan">删除</el-button>
             </div>
           </header>
 
+          <el-alert
+            v-if="isPublished"
+            class="published-edit-notice"
+            type="warning"
+            show-icon
+            :closable="false"
+            title="当前方案已发布，修改保存后会立即影响学生端展示及毕业审核依据；适用专业、入学年级和版本号不可更改。"
+          />
+
           <div class="plan-metrics">
             <div><span>方案状态</span><b>{{ statusLabels[selected.status] }}</b></div>
             <div><span>总学分要求</span><b>{{ selected.totalCredits }}</b></div>
@@ -412,7 +453,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <b>课程结构</b>
               <span>指定必修须逐门通过；英语、体育等多选课程用“组内选修”，修满模块最低学分即可</span>
             </div>
-            <el-button v-if="isDraft" :icon="Plus" @click="openModule()">新增模块</el-button>
+            <el-button v-if="canEdit" :icon="Plus" @click="openModule()">新增模块</el-button>
           </div>
 
           <section v-for="module in selected.modules" :key="module.id" class="curriculum-module">
@@ -427,7 +468,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
                   · 课程组选项
                 </template>
               </p>
-              <div v-if="isDraft">
+              <div v-if="canEdit">
                 <el-button link type="primary" @click="openModule(module)">编辑</el-button>
                 <el-button link type="danger" @click="deleteModule(module)">删除</el-button>
                 <el-button size="small" :icon="Plus" @click="openCourse(module.id)">添加课程</el-button>
@@ -449,7 +490,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
               <el-table-column label="建议学期" width="90">
                 <template #default="{ row }">第 {{ row.recommendedSemester }} 学期</template>
               </el-table-column>
-              <el-table-column v-if="isDraft" label="操作" width="120">
+              <el-table-column v-if="canEdit" label="操作" width="120">
                 <template #default="{ row }">
                   <el-button link type="primary" @click="openCourse(module.id, row)">编辑</el-button>
                   <el-button link type="danger" @click="deleteCourse(module.id, row)">移除</el-button>
@@ -464,14 +505,21 @@ onMounted(async () => {
     </div>
 
     <el-dialog v-model="planDialog" :title="editingPlanId ? '编辑培养方案' : '新建培养方案'" width="620px">
+      <el-alert
+        v-if="isEditingPublished"
+        type="warning"
+        show-icon
+        :closable="false"
+        title="已发布方案的修改会立即生效。适用专业、入学年级和版本号已锁定，如需调整请复制为新版本。"
+      />
       <el-form label-position="top">
         <el-form-item label="适用专业" required>
-          <el-select v-model="planForm.majorId" filterable><el-option v-for="item in availableMajors" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" /></el-select>
+          <el-select v-model="planForm.majorId" filterable :disabled="isEditingPublished"><el-option v-for="item in availableMajors" :key="item.id" :label="item.name" :value="item.id" /></el-select>
         </el-form-item>
         <el-form-item label="方案名称" required><el-input v-model="planForm.name" /></el-form-item>
         <div class="form-grid">
-          <el-form-item label="版本号" required><el-input v-model="planForm.version" /></el-form-item>
-          <el-form-item label="适用入学年级" required><el-input-number v-model="planForm.effectiveGrade" :min="2000" :max="2200" /></el-form-item>
+          <el-form-item label="版本号" required><el-input v-model="planForm.version" :disabled="isEditingPublished" /></el-form-item>
+          <el-form-item label="适用入学年级" required><el-input-number v-model="planForm.effectiveGrade" :min="2000" :max="2200" :disabled="isEditingPublished" /></el-form-item>
         </div>
         <el-form-item label="毕业总学分要求" required><el-input-number v-model="planForm.totalCredits" :min="0.1" :precision="1" :step="0.5" /></el-form-item>
         <el-form-item label="方案说明"><el-input v-model="planForm.description" type="textarea" :rows="3" /></el-form-item>