成绩通知：仅在某门课程成绩正式发布后自动发送，按成绩单学生名单通知，不展示具体分数；发布状态与通知同一次提交。

手动发信：移除“成绩通知”选项，只能发送普通通知，原有角色与范围权限保持不变。
选课通知：管理员关闭一轮选课时，自动向每位参与学生发送一条汇总通知，包含最终选中课程及候补未成功课程；候补失效、轮次关闭和通知生成保持原子性。
关闭选课界面会明确提示发送通知，并显示实际通知人数。

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/GradesController.cs

@@ -411,7 +411,8 @@ public sealed class GradesController(
             $"《{courseName}》成绩已提交，请及时审核。",
             collegeId,
             "/grades",
-            cancellationToken);
+            cancellationToken,
+            NotificationCategory.Grade);
         return NoContent();
     }
 
@@ -452,7 +453,7 @@ public sealed class GradesController(
         await NotificationService.SendToUserIdsAsync(db, teacherUserIds,
             "成绩审核通过",
             $"《{sheet.TeachingTask!.Course!.Name}》成绩已通过学院审核，等待校级发布。",
-            "/grades", cancellationToken);
+            "/grades", cancellationToken, NotificationCategory.Grade);
         return NoContent();
     }
 
@@ -497,7 +498,7 @@ public sealed class GradesController(
         await NotificationService.SendToUserIdsAsync(db, teacherUserIds,
             "成绩被退回",
             $"《{sheet.TeachingTask!.Course!.Name}》成绩被退回修改：{sheet.ReviewComment}",
-            "/grades", cancellationToken);
+            "/grades", cancellationToken, NotificationCategory.Grade);
         return NoContent();
     }
 
@@ -505,7 +506,10 @@ public sealed class GradesController(
     [Authorize(Roles = Publishers)]
     public async Task<ActionResult> Publish(Guid id, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {
-        var sheet = await AccessibleSheets().FirstOrDefaultAsync(
+        var sheet = await AccessibleSheets()
+            .Include(x => x.TeachingTask)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x!.Course)
+            .FirstOrDefaultAsync(
             x => x.Id == id,
             cancellationToken);
         if (sheet is null) return NotFound();
@@ -514,13 +518,11 @@ public sealed class GradesController(
             return ConflictProblem("只有审核通过的成绩单可以发布。");
         sheet.Status = GradeSheetStatus.Published;
         sheet.PublishedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
 
-        // Notify enrolled students
-        var studentUserIds = await db.CourseEnrollments
-            .Where(x =>
-                x.CourseSelectionOffering!.TeachingTaskId == sheet.TeachingTaskId &&
-                x.Status == CourseEnrollmentStatus.Enrolled)
+        // The grade sheet roster is authoritative at publication time. This also
+        // covers students added through approved roster corrections.
+        var studentUserIds = await db.GradeRecords
+            .Where(x => x.GradeSheetId == sheet.Id)
             .Select(x => x.Student!.UserId)
             .Where(id => id != null)
             .Select(id => id!.Value)
@@ -528,8 +530,8 @@ public sealed class GradesController(
             .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
         await NotificationService.SendToUserIdsAsync(db, studentUserIds,
             "成绩已发布",
-            $"《{sheet.TeachingTask!.Course!.Name}》成绩已发布，请查看。",
-            "/grades", cancellationToken);
+            $"《{sheet.TeachingTask!.Course!.Name}》成绩已正式发布，请前往成绩单查看。",
+            "/grades", cancellationToken, NotificationCategory.Grade);
         return NoContent();
     }