主要变更：

新增统一缓存封装：[AppCache.cs (line 12)](/E:/jiaowu/src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Caching/AppCache.cs:12)
接入 HybridCache 和可选 Redis：[Program.cs (line 153)](/E:/jiaowu/src/Jiaowu.Api/Program.cs:153)
缓存学生激活选项、基础数据、公开课表和课表选项。
个人课表、选课容量、成绩、权限、通知和任务状态保持实时查询。
基础数据、课程、教师、教学任务、作息、考试和课表发布后自动失效相关缓存。
新增 /health/cache，Redis 故障不影响 /health/ready。
Compose 增加 256MB、allkeys-lfu、无持久化的 redis:8.8-alpine 服务；该镜像标签已由 Docker 官方镜像仓库核对。
更新 [.env.example (line 1)](/E:/jiaowu/.env.example:1) 和 [README.md (line 190)](/E:/jiaowu/README.md:190) 部署说明。

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/BaseDataController.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Common;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Identity;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Caching;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ namespace Jiaowu.Api.Controllers;
 [ApiController]
 [Authorize]
 [Route("api/base-data")]
-public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
+public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db, IAppCache cache) : ControllerBase
 {
     private const string Administrators =
         $"{SystemRoles.SuperAdmin},{SystemRoles.AcademicAdmin}";
@@ -20,9 +21,14 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
     [HttpGet("campuses")]
     public async Task<ActionResult<IReadOnlyCollection<Campus>>> GetCampuses(
         CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        await db.Campuses.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("campuses"),
+            token => db.Campuses.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
 
     [HttpPost("campuses")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
@@ -52,21 +58,32 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         if (entity is null) return NotFound();
         ApplyCatalog(entity, request);
         entity.Address = request.Description?.Trim();
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("colleges")]
-    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetColleges(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        Ok(await db.Colleges.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .Select(x => new
-            {
-                x.Id, x.Code, x.Name, x.ShortName, x.CampusId,
-                CampusName = x.Campus != null ? x.Campus.Name : null,
-                x.IsEnabled, x.SortOrder
-            })
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken));
+    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetColleges(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var result = await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("colleges"),
+            token => db.Colleges.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .Select(x => new CollegeListItem(
+                    x.Id,
+                    x.Code,
+                    x.Name,
+                    x.ShortName,
+                    x.CampusId,
+                    x.Campus != null ? x.Campus.Name : null,
+                    x.IsEnabled,
+                    x.SortOrder))
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
+        return Ok(result);
+    }
 
     [HttpPost("colleges")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
@@ -104,29 +121,46 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         ApplyCatalog(entity, request);
         entity.ShortName = request.ShortName?.Trim();
         entity.CampusId = request.CampusId;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("majors")]
-    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetMajors(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        Ok(await db.Majors.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .Select(x => new
-            {
-                x.Id, x.Code, x.Name, x.CollegeId,
-                CollegeName = x.College!.Name,
-                x.DegreeType, x.SchoolingYears, x.IsEnabled, x.SortOrder
-            })
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken));
+    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetMajors(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var result = await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("majors"),
+            token => db.Majors.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .Select(x => new MajorListItem(
+                    x.Id,
+                    x.Code,
+                    x.Name,
+                    x.CollegeId,
+                    x.College!.Name,
+                    x.DegreeType,
+                    x.SchoolingYears,
+                    x.IsEnabled,
+                    x.SortOrder))
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
+        return Ok(result);
+    }
 
     [HttpGet("course-categories")]
     public async Task<ActionResult<IReadOnlyCollection<CourseCategory>>> GetCourseCategories(
         CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        await db.CourseCategories.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder)
-            .ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("course-categories"),
+            token => db.CourseCategories.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder)
+                .ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
 
     [HttpPost("course-categories")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
@@ -154,7 +188,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         var entity = await db.CourseCategories.FindAsync([id], cancellationToken);
         if (entity is null) return NotFound();
         ApplyCatalog(entity, request);
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
@@ -193,23 +227,35 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         entity.CollegeId = request.CollegeId;
         entity.DegreeType = request.DegreeType.Trim();
         entity.SchoolingYears = request.SchoolingYears;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("classes")]
-    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetClasses(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        Ok(await db.AdministrativeClasses.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderByDescending(x => x.Grade).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .Select(x => new
-            {
-                x.Id, x.Code, x.Name, x.MajorId,
-                MajorName = x.Major!.Name,
-                CollegeName = x.Major.College!.Name,
-                x.Grade, x.CounselorUserId, x.CounselorName,
-                x.IsEnabled, x.SortOrder
-            })
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken));
+    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetClasses(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var result = await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("classes"),
+            token => db.AdministrativeClasses.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderByDescending(x => x.Grade).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .Select(x => new AdministrativeClassListItem(
+                    x.Id,
+                    x.Code,
+                    x.Name,
+                    x.MajorId,
+                    x.Major!.Name,
+                    x.Major.College!.Name,
+                    x.Grade,
+                    x.CounselorUserId,
+                    x.CounselorName,
+                    x.IsEnabled,
+                    x.SortOrder))
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
+        return Ok(result);
+    }
 
     [HttpGet("counselors")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
@@ -279,18 +325,23 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         entity.Grade = request.Grade;
         entity.CounselorUserId = request.CounselorUserId;
         entity.CounselorName = counselorName;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("terms")]
     public async Task<ActionResult<IReadOnlyCollection<AcademicTerm>>> GetTerms(
         CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        await db.AcademicTerms.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderByDescending(x => x.IsCurrent)
-            .ThenBy(x => x.IsArchived)
-            .ThenByDescending(x => x.StartDate)
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("terms"),
+            token => db.AcademicTerms.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderByDescending(x => x.IsCurrent)
+                .ThenBy(x => x.IsArchived)
+                .ThenByDescending(x => x.StartDate)
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
 
     [HttpPost("terms")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
@@ -360,7 +411,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         entity.StartDate = request.StartDate;
         entity.EndDate = request.EndDate;
         entity.IsCurrent = request.IsCurrent;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
@@ -384,7 +435,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         foreach (var currentTerm in currentTerms)
             currentTerm.IsCurrent = false;
         entity.IsCurrent = true;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
@@ -402,7 +453,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
 
         entity.IsArchived = true;
         entity.ArchivedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
@@ -418,35 +469,59 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
 
         entity.IsArchived = false;
         entity.ArchivedAt = null;
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("classrooms")]
-    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetClassrooms(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        Ok(await db.Classrooms.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderBy(x => x.Building!.Campus!.SortOrder)
-            .ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .Select(x => new
-            {
-                x.Id, x.Code, x.Name, x.BuildingId,
-                CampusId = x.Building!.CampusId,
-                BuildingName = x.Building!.Name,
-                CampusName = x.Building.Campus!.Name,
-                x.Capacity, x.RoomType, x.Equipment, x.IsEnabled, x.SortOrder
-            })
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken));
+    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetClassrooms(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var result = await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("classrooms"),
+            token => db.Classrooms.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.Building!.Campus!.SortOrder)
+                .ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .Select(x => new ClassroomListItem(
+                    x.Id,
+                    x.Code,
+                    x.Name,
+                    x.BuildingId,
+                    x.Building!.CampusId,
+                    x.Building.Name,
+                    x.Building.Campus!.Name,
+                    x.Capacity,
+                    x.RoomType,
+                    x.Equipment,
+                    x.IsEnabled,
+                    x.SortOrder))
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
+        return Ok(result);
+    }
 
     [HttpGet("buildings")]
-    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetBuildings(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        Ok(await db.Buildings.AsNoTracking()
-            .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
-            .Select(x => new
-            {
-                x.Id, x.Code, x.Name, x.CampusId,
-                CampusName = x.Campus!.Name, x.IsEnabled, x.SortOrder
-            })
-            .ToListAsync(cancellationToken));
+    public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetBuildings(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var result = await cache.GetOrCreateAsync(
+            AppCacheKeys.BaseData("buildings"),
+            token => db.Buildings.AsNoTracking()
+                .OrderBy(x => x.SortOrder).ThenBy(x => x.Code)
+                .Select(x => new BuildingListItem(
+                    x.Id,
+                    x.Code,
+                    x.Name,
+                    x.CampusId,
+                    x.Campus!.Name,
+                    x.IsEnabled,
+                    x.SortOrder))
+                .ToListAsync(token),
+            AppCacheProfile.ReferenceData,
+            [AppCacheTags.BaseData],
+            cancellationToken);
+        return Ok(result);
+    }
 
     [HttpPost("buildings")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Administrators)]
@@ -503,7 +578,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         entity.Capacity = request.Capacity;
         entity.RoomType = request.RoomType.Trim();
         entity.Equipment = request.Equipment?.Trim();
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         return entity;
     }
 
@@ -533,7 +608,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         db.Remove(entity);
         try
         {
-            await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+            await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
             return NoContent();
         }
         catch (DbUpdateException)
@@ -556,7 +631,7 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         db.Add(entity);
         try
         {
-            await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+            await SaveAndInvalidateAsync(cancellationToken);
         }
         catch (DbUpdateException)
         {
@@ -566,6 +641,12 @@ public sealed class BaseDataController(AppDbContext db) : ControllerBase
         return CreatedAtAction(action, new { id = entity.Id }, entity);
     }
 
+    private async Task SaveAndInvalidateAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        await cache.RemoveByTagAsync(AppCacheTags.BaseData, cancellationToken);
+    }
+
     private async Task<string?> GetCounselorNameAsync(
         Guid? userId,
         CancellationToken cancellationToken)
@@ -649,3 +730,60 @@ public sealed record ClassroomRequest(
     [Required, MaxLength(40)] string RoomType,
     [MaxLength(300)] string? Equipment)
     : CatalogRequest(Code, Name, SortOrder, IsEnabled);
+
+public sealed record CollegeListItem(
+    Guid Id,
+    string Code,
+    string Name,
+    string? ShortName,
+    Guid? CampusId,
+    string? CampusName,
+    bool IsEnabled,
+    int SortOrder);
+
+public sealed record MajorListItem(
+    Guid Id,
+    string Code,
+    string Name,
+    Guid CollegeId,
+    string CollegeName,
+    string DegreeType,
+    int SchoolingYears,
+    bool IsEnabled,
+    int SortOrder);
+
+public sealed record AdministrativeClassListItem(
+    Guid Id,
+    string Code,
+    string Name,
+    Guid MajorId,
+    string MajorName,
+    string CollegeName,
+    int Grade,
+    Guid? CounselorUserId,
+    string? CounselorName,
+    bool IsEnabled,
+    int SortOrder);
+
+public sealed record BuildingListItem(
+    Guid Id,
+    string Code,
+    string Name,
+    Guid CampusId,
+    string CampusName,
+    bool IsEnabled,
+    int SortOrder);
+
+public sealed record ClassroomListItem(
+    Guid Id,
+    string Code,
+    string Name,
+    Guid BuildingId,
+    Guid CampusId,
+    string BuildingName,
+    string CampusName,
+    int Capacity,
+    string RoomType,
+    string? Equipment,
+    bool IsEnabled,
+    int SortOrder);