已改成“普通排课与实验学时分离”：

普通课表学时 = 总学时 − 实践学时。
自动排课、手工排课、课表发布都会阻止把实践学时重复排入。
全部为实践学时的课程应设为“非排时课程”，再由实验管理安排。
教学任务和排课页面会显示“常规 / 实践学时”。
已有教学任务即使仍保存旧周学时，排课时也会按拆分后的课程学时计算。
无需数据库迁移。

src/Jiaowu.Api/Infrastructure/Scheduling/SchedulePublishJobs.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Caching;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Teaching;
 using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
 
 namespace Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Scheduling;
@@ -179,19 +180,68 @@ public sealed class SchedulePlanPublisher(AppDbContext db)
                 x.AcademicTermId == plan.AcademicTermId &&
                 x.Status == TeachingTaskStatus.Published &&
                 x.SchedulingMode == TeachingTaskSchedulingMode.Standard)
-            .Select(x => new { x.Id, x.TaskNumber, x.Name, x.WeeklyHours })
+            .Select(x => new
+            {
+                x.Id,
+                x.TaskNumber,
+                x.Name,
+                x.StartWeek,
+                x.EndWeek,
+                CourseTotalHours = x.Course!.TotalHours,
+                CoursePracticeHours = x.Course.PracticeHours
+            })
             .ToListAsync(cancellationToken);
+        var invalidHours = requiredTasks.FirstOrDefault(task =>
+            !TeachingTaskHours.TryResolveRegularWeeklyHours(
+                task.CourseTotalHours,
+                task.CoursePracticeHours,
+                task.StartWeek,
+                task.EndWeek,
+                out _));
+        if (invalidHours is not null)
+        {
+            throw new SchedulePublishValidationException(
+                $"{invalidHours.TaskNumber} · {invalidHours.Name} 的普通排课学时" +
+                "不能按授课周次整除，请先调整教学任务周次。");
+        }
+
+        var requiredWeeklyHours = requiredTasks
+            .Select(task =>
+            {
+                TeachingTaskHours.TryResolveRegularWeeklyHours(
+                    task.CourseTotalHours,
+                    task.CoursePracticeHours,
+                    task.StartWeek,
+                    task.EndWeek,
+                    out var hours);
+                return new
+                {
+                    Task = task,
+                    Hours = hours
+                };
+            })
+            .ToList();
         var scheduledHours = plan.Entries
             .GroupBy(x => x.TeachingTaskId)
             .ToDictionary(group => group.Key, group => group.Sum(x => x.PeriodCount));
-        var incomplete = requiredTasks.FirstOrDefault(task =>
-            !scheduledHours.TryGetValue(task.Id, out var hours) ||
-            hours < task.WeeklyHours);
+        var incomplete = requiredWeeklyHours.FirstOrDefault(item =>
+            scheduledHours.GetValueOrDefault(item.Task.Id) < item.Hours);
         if (incomplete is not null)
         {
             throw new SchedulePublishValidationException(
-                $"{incomplete.TaskNumber} · {incomplete.Name} 尚未达到每周 " +
-                $"{incomplete.WeeklyHours} 学时，不能发布。");
+                $"{incomplete.Task.TaskNumber} · {incomplete.Task.Name} 尚未达到每周 " +
+                $"{incomplete.Hours} 个普通排课学时，不能发布。");
+        }
+
+        var excessive = requiredWeeklyHours.FirstOrDefault(item =>
+            scheduledHours.GetValueOrDefault(item.Task.Id) > item.Hours);
+        if (excessive is not null)
+        {
+            var actualHours = scheduledHours.GetValueOrDefault(excessive.Task.Id);
+            throw new SchedulePublishValidationException(
+                $"{excessive.Task.TaskNumber} · {excessive.Task.Name} 已安排每周 " +
+                $"{actualHours} 学时，普通课表应为 {excessive.Hours} 学时；" +
+                "请删除已包含的实践学时后再发布。");
         }
 
         await reportProgress(3, "检查教师、行政班和教室冲突", cancellationToken);