自动排课：保留手工安排，按教师、行政班、周次、节次、容量和场地约束补排。

课程约束：可限定校区、教学楼、指定教室、允许上课日、最早/最晚节次。
无教室课程：教室可为空，但仍校验教师和班级冲突。
作息维护：按学期维护节次、上下课时间和启用状态。
发布保护：发布前重新检查全部约束，并阻止学时未排满的课表发布。
工作台升级：增加“排课规则与作息”“自动排课”入口，自动生成后仍支持手工微调。
同时兼容 SQLite 和 MySQL，已生成正式迁移。

tests/Jiaowu.Api.Tests/AutomaticScheduleGeneratorTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Scheduling;
+using Microsoft.Data.Sqlite;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions;
+
+namespace Jiaowu.Api.Tests;
+
+public sealed class AutomaticScheduleGeneratorTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Development_migration_chain_accepts_current_sqlite_schema()
+    {
+        await using var connection = new SqliteConnection("Data Source=:memory:");
+        await connection.OpenAsync();
+        var options = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<AppDbContext>()
+            .UseSqlite(connection)
+            .Options;
+        await using var db = new AppDbContext(options);
+        await db.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
+
+        var migrator = new DevelopmentSqliteMigrator(
+            db,
+            NullLogger<DevelopmentSqliteMigrator>.Instance);
+        await migrator.MigrateAsync();
+
+        Assert.True(await db.ScheduleTimeSlots.CountAsync() == 0);
+        Assert.True(await db.Database
+            .SqlQueryRaw<int>(
+                """
+                SELECT COUNT(*) AS "Value"
+                FROM pragma_table_info('ScheduleEntries')
+                WHERE name = 'ClassroomId' AND "notnull" = 0
+                """)
+            .AnyAsync(value => value > 0));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Generator_schedules_roomless_course_within_allowed_time()
+    {
+        await using var connection = new SqliteConnection("Data Source=:memory:");
+        await connection.OpenAsync();
+        var options = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<AppDbContext>()
+            .UseSqlite(connection)
+            .Options;
+        await using var db = new AppDbContext(options);
+        await db.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
+
+        var term = new AcademicTerm
+        {
+            Code = "2026-A",
+            Name = "2026 秋季",
+            AcademicYear = "2026-2027",
+            Season = TermSeason.Autumn,
+            StartDate = new DateOnly(2026, 9, 1),
+            EndDate = new DateOnly(2027, 1, 15)
+        };
+        var college = new College { Code = "CS", Name = "计算机学院" };
+        var course = new Course
+        {
+            Code = "MOOC-01",
+            Name = "在线专题",
+            College = college,
+            Credits = 1,
+            TotalHours = 32,
+            LectureHours = 32
+        };
+        var task = new TeachingTask
+        {
+            TaskNumber = "TASK-MOOC",
+            Name = "在线专题教学班",
+            AcademicTerm = term,
+            Course = course,
+            Capacity = 200,
+            StartWeek = 1,
+            EndWeek = 16,
+            WeeklyHours = 2,
+            Status = TeachingTaskStatus.Published
+        };
+        var plan = new SchedulePlan
+        {
+            AcademicTerm = term,
+            Name = "自动排课测试",
+            Version = "V1"
+        };
+        db.AddRange(term, college, course, task, plan);
+        db.ScheduleTimeSlots.AddRange(
+            new ScheduleTimeSlot
+            {
+                AcademicTerm = term,
+                PeriodNumber = 1,
+                Name = "第 1 节",
+                StartsAt = new TimeOnly(8, 0),
+                EndsAt = new TimeOnly(8, 45)
+            },
+            new ScheduleTimeSlot
+            {
+                AcademicTerm = term,
+                PeriodNumber = 2,
+                Name = "第 2 节",
+                StartsAt = new TimeOnly(8, 55),
+                EndsAt = new TimeOnly(9, 40)
+            });
+        db.TeachingTaskScheduleConstraints.Add(new TeachingTaskScheduleConstraint
+        {
+            TeachingTask = task,
+            RequiresClassroom = false,
+            AllowedDayOfWeeks = "3",
+            EarliestPeriod = 1,
+            LatestPeriod = 2
+        });
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+        var result = await new AutomaticScheduleGenerator(db)
+            .GenerateAsync(plan, CancellationToken.None);
+        var entry = await db.ScheduleEntries.SingleAsync();
+
+        Assert.Equal(1, result.CreatedEntries);
+        Assert.Empty(result.Messages);
+        Assert.Equal(3, entry.DayOfWeek);
+        Assert.Equal(1, entry.StartPeriod);
+        Assert.Equal(2, entry.PeriodCount);
+        Assert.Null(entry.ClassroomId);
+    }
+}

tests/Jiaowu.Api.Tests/ScheduleConflictTests.cs

@@ -63,8 +63,26 @@ public sealed class ScheduleConflictTests
         Assert.Equal("教师", ScheduleConflictDetector.ConflictReason(first, second));
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public void Two_roomless_courses_do_not_create_a_classroom_conflict()
+    {
+        var first = Entry(null, WeekPattern.All, new TeachingTask
+        {
+            TaskNumber = "ONLINE-1",
+            Name = "线上课程一"
+        });
+        var second = Entry(null, WeekPattern.All, new TeachingTask
+        {
+            TaskNumber = "ONLINE-2",
+            Name = "线上课程二"
+        });
+
+        Assert.True(ScheduleConflictDetector.TimeOverlaps(first, second));
+        Assert.Null(ScheduleConflictDetector.ConflictReason(first, second));
+    }
+
     private static ScheduleEntry Entry(
-        Guid classroomId,
+        Guid? classroomId,
         WeekPattern weekPattern,
         TeachingTask task) =>
         new()