排课计算、课表发布、补考自动编排三类任务统一接入消息系统。
业务任务与 Outbox 消息同一事务落库，避免“数据库成功但消息没发出去”。 RabbitMQ 使用持久化消息、发布确认、手动 ACK、Quorum Queue、死信队列。 增加处理租约、心跳、异常重试、最大重试次数和幂等状态控制。 保留 InMemory 模式，开发环境无需安装 RabbitMQ。 支持多实例竞争消费，后续可以横向扩容。 新增 /health/messaging 消息系统健康检查。
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using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
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using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.System;
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using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.BackgroundJobs;
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using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
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using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
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using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
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namespace Jiaowu.Api.Tests;
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public sealed class BackgroundJobOutboxTests
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{
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[Fact]
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public async Task Publisher_moves_pending_message_to_in_memory_transport()
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{
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var databasePath = Path.Combine(
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Path.GetTempPath(),
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$"jiaowu-outbox-{Guid.NewGuid():N}.sqlite");
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var services = new ServiceCollection();
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services.AddLogging();
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services.AddDbContext<AppDbContext>(options =>
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options.UseSqlite($"Data Source={databasePath};Pooling=False"));
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var options = new BackgroundJobOptions
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{
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PollIntervalMilliseconds = 100
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};
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services.AddSingleton(options);
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services.AddSingleton<InMemoryBackgroundJobTransport>();
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services.AddSingleton<IBackgroundJobTransport>(provider =>
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provider.GetRequiredService<InMemoryBackgroundJobTransport>());
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services.AddSingleton<BackgroundJobOutboxPublisher>();
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var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
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try
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{
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Guid jobId;
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await using (var scope = provider.CreateAsyncScope())
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{
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var db = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<AppDbContext>();
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await db.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
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var term = new AcademicTerm
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{
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Code = "RECOVERY",
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Name = "补投测试学期",
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AcademicYear = "2026-2027",
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Season = TermSeason.Autumn,
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StartDate = new DateOnly(2026, 9, 1),
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EndDate = new DateOnly(2027, 1, 15)
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};
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var plan = new SchedulePlan
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{
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AcademicTerm = term,
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Name = "补投测试排课",
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Version = "V1"
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};
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var job = new AutomaticScheduleJob
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{
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SchedulePlan = plan,
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ActiveSchedulePlanId = plan.Id
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};
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jobId = job.Id;
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db.AddRange(term, plan, job);
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await db.SaveChangesAsync();
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}
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var publisher = provider.GetRequiredService<BackgroundJobOutboxPublisher>();
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await publisher.StartAsync(CancellationToken.None);
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try
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{
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var published = false;
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for (var attempt = 0; attempt < 50 && !published; attempt++)
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{
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await Task.Delay(50);
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await using var scope = provider.CreateAsyncScope();
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var db = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<AppDbContext>();
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published = await db.BackgroundJobOutboxMessages.AsNoTracking()
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.AnyAsync(x =>
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x.JobId == jobId &&
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x.JobKind == BackgroundJobKind.AutomaticSchedule &&
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x.State == BackgroundJobOutboxState.Published);
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}
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Assert.True(published);
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}
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finally
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{
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await publisher.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None);
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}
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}
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finally
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{
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await provider.DisposeAsync();
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File.Delete(databasePath);
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}
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task Runner_stops_after_retry_limit_and_ignores_duplicate_delivery()
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{
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var databasePath = Path.Combine(
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Path.GetTempPath(),
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$"jiaowu-runner-{Guid.NewGuid():N}.sqlite");
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var services = new ServiceCollection();
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services.AddLogging();
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services.AddDbContext<AppDbContext>(options =>
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options.UseSqlite($"Data Source={databasePath};Pooling=False"));
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services.AddScoped<Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Scheduling.AutomaticScheduleGenerator>();
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services.AddScoped<Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Scheduling.AutomaticScheduleJobProcessor>();
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services.AddSingleton(new BackgroundJobOptions());
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services.AddSingleton<InMemoryBackgroundJobTransport>();
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services.AddSingleton<IBackgroundJobTransport>(provider =>
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provider.GetRequiredService<InMemoryBackgroundJobTransport>());
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services.AddSingleton<BackgroundJobRunner>();
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var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
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try
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{
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BackgroundJobEnvelope envelope;
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await using (var scope = provider.CreateAsyncScope())
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{
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var db = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<AppDbContext>();
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await db.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
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var term = new AcademicTerm
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{
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Code = "OUTBOX",
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Name = "消息测试学期",
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AcademicYear = "2026-2027",
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Season = TermSeason.Autumn,
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StartDate = new DateOnly(2026, 9, 1),
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EndDate = new DateOnly(2027, 1, 15)
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};
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var plan = new SchedulePlan
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{
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AcademicTerm = term,
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Name = "消息测试排课",
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Version = "V1"
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};
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var job = new AutomaticScheduleJob
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{
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SchedulePlan = plan,
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ActiveSchedulePlanId = plan.Id,
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Status = AutomaticScheduleJobStatus.Queued
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};
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var outbox = BackgroundJobOutboxMessage.Create(
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BackgroundJobKind.AutomaticSchedule,
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job.Id);
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outbox.State = BackgroundJobOutboxState.Published;
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outbox.ProcessingAttempts = 5;
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db.AddRange(term, plan, job, outbox);
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await db.SaveChangesAsync();
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envelope = new BackgroundJobEnvelope(
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outbox.Id,
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outbox.JobKind,
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outbox.JobId);
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}
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var runner = provider.GetRequiredService<BackgroundJobRunner>();
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var first = await runner.RunAsync(envelope, CancellationToken.None);
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var duplicate = await runner.RunAsync(envelope, CancellationToken.None);
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Assert.Equal(BackgroundJobRunOutcome.Completed, first.Outcome);
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Assert.Equal(BackgroundJobRunOutcome.Completed, duplicate.Outcome);
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await using var assertScope = provider.CreateAsyncScope();
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var assertDb = assertScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<AppDbContext>();
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var persistedOutbox =
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await assertDb.BackgroundJobOutboxMessages.SingleAsync();
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Assert.Equal(BackgroundJobOutboxState.Completed, persistedOutbox.State);
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Assert.NotNull(persistedOutbox.CompletedAt);
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Assert.Null(persistedOutbox.ProcessingToken);
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Assert.Null(persistedOutbox.LeaseExpiresAt);
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Assert.Equal(6, persistedOutbox.ProcessingAttempts);
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var persistedJob = await assertDb.AutomaticScheduleJobs.SingleAsync();
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Assert.Equal(AutomaticScheduleJobStatus.Failed, persistedJob.Status);
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Assert.Null(persistedJob.ActiveSchedulePlanId);
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Assert.Contains("超过 5 次", persistedJob.ErrorMessage);
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}
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finally
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{
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await provider.DisposeAsync();
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File.Delete(databasePath);
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}
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}
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}
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