新增按学期配置的“自动排课优化”页签，可调教师/行政班同日集中、行政班空档与连堂、首末节、教室容量冗余等权重。

自动排课在所有硬约束满足后，对候选排法应用这些软约束评分；不会改动既有课程或已发布课表。

src/Jiaowu.Api/Domain/Academic/ScheduleEntities.cs

@@ -43,6 +43,26 @@ public sealed class ScheduleTimeSlot : EntityBase
     public bool IsEnabled { get; set; } = true;
 }
 
+/// <summary>
+/// 学期级自动排课的软约束权重。所有值为 0 时表示关闭对应偏好；
+/// 硬约束（冲突、容量和课程可用范围）始终优先于这些设置。
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class ScheduleOptimizationSettings : EntityBase
+{
+    public Guid AcademicTermId { get; set; }
+    public AcademicTerm? AcademicTerm { get; set; }
+    public int TeacherSameDayWeight { get; set; } = 120;
+    public int ClassSameDayWeight { get; set; } = 100;
+    public int ClassGapWeight { get; set; } = 240;
+    public int ConsecutiveClassWeight { get; set; } = 60;
+    public int EarlyPeriodPenalty { get; set; } = 30;
+    public int LatePeriodPenalty { get; set; } = 30;
+    public int RoomCapacityWasteWeight { get; set; } = 1;
+
+    public static ScheduleOptimizationSettings CreateDefault(Guid academicTermId) =>
+        new() { AcademicTermId = academicTermId };
+}
+
 public sealed class TeachingTaskScheduleConstraint : EntityBase
 {
     public Guid TeachingTaskId { get; set; }