实验成绩 Excel 流程

src/Jiaowu.Api/Controllers/ExperimentGradesController.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 using System.Data;
+using System.Globalization;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Academic;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Identity;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Auth;
+using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Excel;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Grades;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Teaching;
@@ -574,6 +576,166 @@ public sealed class ExperimentGradesController(
         return NoContent();
     }
 
+    [HttpGet("sheets/{id:guid}/template")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = Managers)]
+    public async Task<IActionResult> DownloadTemplate(
+        Guid id,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var sheet = await LoadEditableSheetAsync(id, cancellationToken);
+        if (sheet is null) return NotFound();
+        if (!CanEdit(sheet.ExperimentProject!.TeachingTask!)) return Forbid();
+
+        var headers = ExperimentImportHeaders(sheet.Items);
+        var rows = sheet.Records
+            .OrderBy(record => record.Student!.StudentNumber)
+            .Select(record =>
+            {
+                var values = new List<object?>
+                {
+                    record.Student!.StudentNumber,
+                    record.Student.Name,
+                    record.Student.AdministrativeClass!.Name,
+                    ParticipationLabel(record.ParticipationStatus)
+                };
+                foreach (var item in sheet.Items.OrderBy(item => item.SortOrder))
+                    values.Add(record.ItemScores.FirstOrDefault(score =>
+                        score.ExperimentGradeItemId == item.Id)?.Score);
+                values.Add(record.SafetyViolation);
+                values.Add(record.AttemptNumber);
+                values.Add(null);
+                values.Add(record.TeacherComment);
+                return (IReadOnlyList<object?>)values;
+            })
+            .ToList();
+        var itemCount = sheet.Items.Count;
+        var totalColumn = 7 + itemCount;
+        var scoreColumns = Enumerable.Range(5, itemCount).Append(totalColumn);
+        var instructions = new List<string>
+        {
+            "请勿修改第一行列名；学号、姓名、班级列请勿修改，用于匹配本实验成绩单的学生。",
+            "参与状态填写：待登记、已完成、缺席、请假、补做 或 免做。",
+            "评分项填写 0—100 的数值，留空表示暂未录入。",
+            "安全违规填写 是 或 否；实验次数填写 1—20。",
+            "实验总评（自动计算）仅供 Excel 预览；上传时系统会按评分项、参与状态和安全违规重新计算。",
+            $"本实验共 {itemCount} 个评分项：{string.Join("、", sheet.Items.OrderBy(item => item.SortOrder).Select(item => item.Name))}。"
+        };
+        var bytes = ExcelWorkbookHelper.Create(
+            "实验成绩导入", headers, rows, instructions,
+            (worksheet, rowNumber) =>
+            {
+                var itemReferences = Enumerable.Range(5, itemCount)
+                    .Select(column => $"{ColumnLetter(column)}{rowNumber}")
+                    .ToArray();
+                var weightedExpression = string.Join("+", sheet.Items
+                    .OrderBy(item => item.SortOrder)
+                    .Select((item, index) =>
+                        $"{ColumnLetter(index + 5)}{rowNumber}*{item.Weight.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)}/100"));
+                var statusReference = $"D{rowNumber}";
+                var safetyReference = $"{ColumnLetter(5 + itemCount)}{rowNumber}";
+                worksheet.Cell(rowNumber, totalColumn).FormulaA1 =
+                    $"=IF(OR({statusReference}=\"缺席\",{safetyReference}=\"是\"),0,IF(OR({statusReference}=\"待登记\",{statusReference}=\"请假\",{statusReference}=\"免做\"),\"\",IF(COUNT({string.Join(",", itemReferences)})={itemCount},ROUND({weightedExpression},1),\"\")))";
+                var totalCell = worksheet.Cell(rowNumber, totalColumn);
+                totalCell.Style.NumberFormat.Format = "0.0";
+                totalCell.Style.Font.Bold = true;
+                totalCell.Style.Fill.BackgroundColor = ClosedXML.Excel.XLColor.FromHtml("#E8F1FB");
+                foreach (var column in scoreColumns)
+                {
+                    var format = worksheet.Range(rowNumber, column, rowNumber, column)
+                        .AddConditionalFormat().WhenLessThan(60);
+                    format.Fill.BackgroundColor = ClosedXML.Excel.XLColor.FromHtml("#FDECEC");
+                    format.Font.FontColor = ClosedXML.Excel.XLColor.FromHtml("#B42318");
+                }
+            });
+        return File(bytes, ExcelWorkbookHelper.ContentType,
+            $"实验成绩导入模板-{sheet.ExperimentProject!.Code}.xlsx");
+    }
+
+    [HttpPost("sheets/{id:guid}/import")]
+    [Authorize(Roles = Managers)]
+    [RequestSizeLimit(10 * 1024 * 1024)]
+    public async Task<ActionResult> ImportRecords(
+        Guid id,
+        IFormFile file,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        var sheet = await LoadEditableSheetAsync(id, cancellationToken);
+        if (sheet is null) return NotFound();
+        if (!CanEdit(sheet.ExperimentProject!.TeachingTask!)) return Forbid();
+        if (sheet.Status is not (ExperimentGradeSheetStatus.Draft or ExperimentGradeSheetStatus.Returned))
+            return ConflictProblem("只有录入中或已退回实验成绩单可以导入成绩。");
+
+        var headers = ExperimentImportHeaders(sheet.Items);
+        IReadOnlyList<ExcelRow> rows;
+        try
+        {
+            rows = await ExcelWorkbookHelper.ReadAsync(file,
+                headers.Where(header => header != "实验总评（自动计算）").ToArray(),
+                cancellationToken);
+        }
+        catch (InvalidDataException exception)
+        {
+            return ValidationProblem(exception.Message);
+        }
+        if (rows.Count == 0) return ValidationProblem("Excel 中没有可导入的实验成绩数据。");
+
+        var records = sheet.Records.ToDictionary(record => record.Student!.StudentNumber,
+            StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        var items = sheet.Items.OrderBy(item => item.SortOrder).ToList();
+        var errors = new List<string>();
+        var updated = 0;
+        foreach (var row in rows)
+        {
+            var studentNumber = row["学号"];
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(studentNumber))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：学号不能为空。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!records.TryGetValue(studentNumber, out var record))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：学号“{studentNumber}”不在本实验成绩单中。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!TryParseParticipationStatus(row, out var participationStatus, out var participationError))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：{participationError}");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!TryParseYesNo(row["安全违规"], out var safetyViolation))
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“安全违规”请填写是或否。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!int.TryParse(row["实验次数"], out var attemptNumber) || attemptNumber is < 1 or > 20)
+            {
+                errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“实验次数”请填写 1—20 的整数。");
+                continue;
+            }
+            var scores = new List<decimal?>();
+            foreach (var item in items)
+            {
+                var score = ParseOptionalDecimal(row, item.Name, 0, 100, errors);
+                if (errors.Count > 0 && errors[^1].Contains($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行")) break;
+                scores.Add(score);
+            }
+            if (scores.Count != items.Count) continue;
+
+            record.ParticipationStatus = participationStatus;
+            record.SafetyViolation = safetyViolation;
+            record.AttemptNumber = attemptNumber;
+            record.TeacherComment = Normalize(row["教师评语"]);
+            var scoreMap = record.ItemScores.ToDictionary(score => score.ExperimentGradeItemId);
+            for (var index = 0; index < items.Count; index++)
+                scoreMap[items[index].Id].Score = scores[index];
+            Recalculate(sheet, record);
+            updated++;
+        }
+        if (errors.Count > 0) return ImportValidationProblem(errors);
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync(cancellationToken);
+        return Ok(new { Updated = updated, Total = rows.Count });
+    }
+
     [HttpPost("sheets/{id:guid}/sync-participants")]
     [Authorize(Roles = Managers)]
     public async Task<ActionResult> SyncParticipants(
@@ -834,6 +996,22 @@ public sealed class ExperimentGradesController(
             .FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Id == id, cancellationToken);
     }
 
+    private async Task<ExperimentGradeSheet?> LoadEditableSheetAsync(
+        Guid id,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
+        await ScopedSheets()
+            .Include(x => x.Items)
+            .Include(x => x.Records)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x.ItemScores)
+            .Include(x => x.Records)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x.Student)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x!.AdministrativeClass)
+            .Include(x => x.ExperimentProject)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x!.TeachingTask)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x!.Teachers)
+            .ThenInclude(x => x.Teacher)
+            .FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Id == id, cancellationToken);
+
     private async Task<List<ExperimentParticipantSeed>> LoadParticipantsAsync(
         ExperimentProject project,
         CancellationToken cancellationToken)
@@ -974,6 +1152,93 @@ public sealed class ExperimentGradesController(
     private static bool ValidScore(decimal? score) =>
         !score.HasValue || score.Value is >= 0 and <= 100;
 
+    private static List<string> ExperimentImportHeaders(
+        IEnumerable<ExperimentGradeItem> items)
+    {
+        var headers = new List<string> { "学号", "姓名", "班级", "参与状态" };
+        headers.AddRange(items.OrderBy(item => item.SortOrder).Select(item => item.Name));
+        headers.AddRange(["安全违规", "实验次数", "实验总评（自动计算）", "教师评语"]);
+        return headers;
+    }
+
+    private static string ParticipationLabel(
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus status) => status switch
+    {
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus.Pending => "待登记",
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus.Completed => "已完成",
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus.Absent => "缺席",
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus.Excused => "请假",
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus.Makeup => "补做",
+        ExperimentParticipationStatus.Exempt => "免做",
+        _ => "待登记"
+    };
+
+    private static bool TryParseParticipationStatus(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        out ExperimentParticipationStatus status,
+        out string error)
+    {
+        error = string.Empty;
+        switch (row["参与状态"])
+        {
+            case "待登记": status = ExperimentParticipationStatus.Pending; return true;
+            case "已完成": status = ExperimentParticipationStatus.Completed; return true;
+            case "缺席": status = ExperimentParticipationStatus.Absent; return true;
+            case "请假": status = ExperimentParticipationStatus.Excused; return true;
+            case "补做": status = ExperimentParticipationStatus.Makeup; return true;
+            case "免做": status = ExperimentParticipationStatus.Exempt; return true;
+            default:
+                status = default;
+                error = "“参与状态”请填写待登记、已完成、缺席、请假、补做或免做。";
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static bool TryParseYesNo(string value, out bool result)
+    {
+        if (value == "是") { result = true; return true; }
+        if (value == "否") { result = false; return true; }
+        result = false;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private static decimal? ParseOptionalDecimal(
+        ExcelRow row,
+        string header,
+        decimal minimum,
+        decimal maximum,
+        List<string> errors)
+    {
+        var value = row[header];
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value)) return null;
+        if (decimal.TryParse(value, NumberStyles.Number,
+                CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out var result) &&
+            result >= minimum && result <= maximum)
+            return result;
+        errors.Add($"第 {row.RowNumber} 行：“{header}”请填写 {minimum:0}—{maximum:0} 的数值或留空。");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private ActionResult ImportValidationProblem(IReadOnlyList<string> errors)
+    {
+        foreach (var error in errors.Take(50)) ModelState.AddModelError("file", error);
+        if (errors.Count > 50)
+            ModelState.AddModelError("file", $"另有 {errors.Count - 50} 条错误未显示。");
+        return ValidationProblem(ModelState);
+    }
+
+    private static string ColumnLetter(int column)
+    {
+        var result = string.Empty;
+        while (column > 0)
+        {
+            column--;
+            result = (char)('A' + column % 26) + result;
+            column /= 26;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
     private static string? Normalize(string? value) =>
         string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value) ? null : value.Trim();
 

tests/Jiaowu.Api.Tests/ExperimentGradesControllerTests.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ using Jiaowu.Api.Domain.Identity;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Auth;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Grades;
 using Jiaowu.Api.Infrastructure.Persistence;
+using ClosedXML.Excel;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 using Microsoft.Data.Sqlite;
 using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
@@ -72,6 +74,56 @@ public sealed class ExperimentGradesControllerTests
             CancellationToken.None));
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Teacher_CanDownloadAndImportExperimentGradeTemplate()
+    {
+        await using var fixture = await ExperimentGradeFixture.CreateAsync();
+        var project = new ExperimentProject
+        {
+            TeachingTaskId = fixture.Task.Id,
+            Code = "LAB-EXCEL",
+            Name = "Excel 实验成绩",
+            ArrangementMode = ExperimentArrangementMode.Centralized,
+            StartDate = fixture.Term.StartDate,
+            EndDate = fixture.Term.EndDate,
+            Status = ExperimentProjectStatus.Published,
+            PublishedAt = DateTime.UtcNow
+        };
+        fixture.Db.ExperimentProjects.Add(project);
+        await fixture.Db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+        var admin = fixture.ExperimentGrades(fixture.AdminScope);
+        await admin.CreateSheet(new ExperimentGradeSheetRequest(
+            project.Id, 1, 60,
+            [new ExperimentGradeItemRequest("操作", ExperimentGradeItemKind.Operation, 100)]),
+            CancellationToken.None);
+        var sheet = await fixture.Db.ExperimentGradeSheets.SingleAsync();
+        fixture.Db.ChangeTracker.Clear();
+
+        var teacher = fixture.ExperimentGrades(fixture.TeacherScope);
+        var template = Assert.IsType<FileContentResult>(await teacher.DownloadTemplate(
+            sheet.Id, CancellationToken.None));
+        Assert.Equal("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
+            template.ContentType);
+        await using var templateStream = new MemoryStream(template.FileContents);
+        await using var stream = new MemoryStream();
+        using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook(templateStream))
+        {
+            var worksheet = workbook.Worksheet("实验成绩导入");
+            worksheet.Cell("D2").Value = "已完成";
+            worksheet.Cell("E2").Value = 85;
+            workbook.SaveAs(stream);
+        }
+        stream.Position = 0;
+        var file = new FormFile(stream, 0, stream.Length, "file", "实验成绩导入模板.xlsx");
+        Assert.IsType<OkObjectResult>(await teacher.ImportRecords(
+            sheet.Id, file, CancellationToken.None));
+        fixture.Db.ChangeTracker.Clear();
+        Assert.Equal(85m, await fixture.Db.ExperimentGradeRecords
+            .Select(record => record.TotalScore)
+            .SingleAsync());
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task ManagementList_IsPagedFilteredAndCollegeScoped()
     {

web/src/views/ExperimentGradesView.vue

@@ -2,14 +2,17 @@
 import { computed, onMounted, reactive, ref } from 'vue'
 import {
   Check,
+  Download,
   EditPen,
   Plus,
   Promotion,
   Refresh,
   Setting,
+  Upload,
 } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
 import { ElMessage, ElMessageBox } from 'element-plus'
 import http, { apiErrorMessage } from '../api/http'
+import { downloadApiFile, importExcel } from '../api/excel'
 import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/auth'
 import {
   academicTermLabel,
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ const recordKeyword = ref('')
 const schemeDialog = ref(false)
 const editingScheme = ref(false)
 const schemeProject = ref<any | null>(null)
+const importFileInput = ref<HTMLInputElement>()
 
 const schemeForm = reactive({
   contributionWeight: 1,
@@ -290,6 +294,38 @@ async function saveRecords() {
   }
 }
 
+function downloadTemplate() {
+  if (!detail.value) return
+  downloadApiFile(
+    `/experiment-grades/sheets/${detail.value.id}/template`,
+    '实验成绩导入模板.xlsx',
+  )
+}
+
+function chooseImportFile() {
+  importFileInput.value?.click()
+}
+
+async function handleImport(event: Event) {
+  const input = event.target as HTMLInputElement
+  const file = input.files?.[0]
+  if (!file || !detail.value) return
+  saving.value = true
+  try {
+    const result = await importExcel(
+      `/experiment-grades/sheets/${detail.value.id}/import`,
+      file,
+    )
+    ElMessage.success(`导入完成：已更新 ${result.data.updated} 条实验成绩记录`)
+    await loadDetail()
+  } catch (error) {
+    ElMessage.error(apiErrorMessage(error))
+  } finally {
+    input.value = ''
+    saving.value = false
+  }
+}
+
 async function syncParticipants() {
   if (!detail.value) return
   try {
@@ -777,12 +813,16 @@ onMounted(async () => {
           @size-change="recordPage = 1; loadDetail()"
         />
 
+        <input ref="importFileInput" type="file" accept=".xlsx" style="display:none" @change="handleImport" />
+
         <footer class="workbench-actions">
           <div>
             <b v-if="detail.reviewComment">审核意见：{{ detail.reviewComment }}</b>
             <span>开课学院：{{ detail.courseCollegeName }}</span>
           </div>
           <div>
+            <el-button v-if="detail.canEdit" :icon="Download" @click="downloadTemplate">下载模板</el-button>
+            <el-button v-if="detail.canEdit" :icon="Upload" :loading="saving" @click="chooseImportFile">Excel 导入</el-button>
             <el-button v-if="detail.canEdit" :icon="EditPen" :loading="saving" @click="saveRecords">保存本页</el-button>
             <el-button v-if="detail.canEdit" type="primary" :icon="Promotion" @click="submitSheet">提交审核</el-button>
             <el-button v-if="detail.canReview" type="danger" plain @click="returnSheet">退回修改</el-button>